ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ

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ᎦᎸᏗ ᎠᏓᏅᏕᏗ ᎠᏛᎯᏍᏗ ᎠᏂᏍᎩᏂ, Francisco Goya, ᏍᏆᏂ, 1799
Pierre-Cécile Puvis ᏧᎬᏩᎶᏗ ᎠᎦᏘᏯ Chavannes: ᎯᎠ ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ, 1883

ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎦᏙᎲᏒ envisioned ᎾᏍᎩᏯᎢ, ᎧᏁᎬ ᎤᏲᏴᎬ, ᎠᎴ ᏐᎢ ᎠᏒᎾᏍᏗᏱ ᎾᎯᏳᎨᏒ ᎦᎸᏗ. ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎢᏳᏓᎵᎭ ᎢᏯᏓᏛᏁᎸ ᏂᏕᎦᎵᏍᏔᏂᏙᎲ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᏰᎵ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎠᎴ ᎧᏁᏍᎦ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏄᎵᏂᎬᎬ ᎤᏙᎯᏳ ᏄᏍᏛ, ᎠᎴ ᎠᎴ ᎤᏠᏱᎭ ᏙᏯᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎨᏔᏗᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎿᎸ ᎠᏍᎦᏯ, (ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᏁᎳᎩ ᎢᎦᏛ ᏴᏫ ᎤᎭ ᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᎢᎬᏁᎸ ᎠᏨᏍᏛ ᎢᏰᎵᏍᏗᎢ, ᏓᎵᏆᎵᏍᎬ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎴᏫᏍᏙᏗ ᎾᎪᎯᏳᎲᏍᎬᎾ ᎠᎴ realizing ᎤᏅᏌ ᎠᎴ dreaming—being ᏱᏓᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᏰᎵᏇ ᎢᎬᏁᏗ ᎦᏁᏟᏴᏍᎬ ᎯᎠ oneiric ᎤᏙᎯᏳ ᏄᏍᏛ ᏴᏩᏚᏫᏛ ᎠᏂ ᎠᎴ ᎠᎨᏔᏗᏍᏗ ᏧᏓᎴᏅᏓ ᎢᎦᏛ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ). ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᏴᏫ ᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᎢᎬᏁᏗ experiencing ᎤᎳᏂᎩᏓ ᎠᏓᏖᎸᏍᎬ ᎾᎯᏳᎢ ᎢᏰᎵᏍᏗᎢ, ᎠᎴ ᎤᎾᏰᎯᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ upsetting ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᏩᏎᎸᎯ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎡᎯᏍᏛ. ᎯᎠ ᎠᏏᎾᏍᏛ ᏓᏕᏲᎲᏍᎬ ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᏅᎠᏯᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ oneirology.

ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎤᎭ ᎦᏅᎯᏓ ᎧᏃᎮᏍᎩ ᎢᏧᎳ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎢᏳᏍᏗ ᎧᏃᎮᏗ ᏄᏍᏗᏓᏅ ᎠᎴ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏗᏓᎴᎲᏍᎬ ᎠᏓᎵᎦᎵᏍᏗᏍᎩ (ᏗᏟᎶᏍᏗᏍᎩ ᎠᎴ ᎢᏳᏃ ᏰᎵ). ᏂᎦᏅᎯᏒ ᎧᏃᎮᏍᎩ, ᏴᏫ ᎤᎭ ᎤᏯᎸᎩ ᎦᏛᎬᎢ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ. ᎤᏅᏌ ᎤᎭ ᏭᏪᏙᎢ ᏄᏍᏛ ᎧᏃᎮᎸ physiologically ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎦᏬᎯᎵᏴᏓ neural processes ᎾᎯᏳᎨᏒ ᎦᎸᏗ, ᎣᏓᏅᏛ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏄᏍᏛ ᏛᏙᏓᎧᏂᏍᎬ ᎯᎠ ᎾᏕᎶᎰᏍᎬᎾ, ᎠᎴ ᎠᏂᏏᏴᏫ ᏄᎾᏍᏛ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎨᏥᏃᎯᏎᏗ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎤᏁᎳᏅᎯ ᎠᎴ ᏴᏩᏚᏫᏛ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏩᎫᏗᏗᏒ (ᏗᎦᏃᏣᎳᏅ).

ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎧᏃᎮᎸᏗ ᎤᏬᎯᏳ Ꮎ ᎾᎥᏂᎨᏍᏗ ᏂᎦᏛ ᎠᏂᏴᏫ ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎾᎥᏂᎨᏍᏙᏗᏇ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏠᏱ ᎠᏍᏓᏩᏛᏍᏙᏗ. ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎦᎪ ᎢᏅᎯ ᎢᏳᏓᎵ ᏅᎠᏥᏯᏃᏗ ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᎢᎬᏁᏗ ᎤᎲᎢ ᎠᏂ ᎢᏳᏃ awakened ᎾᎯᏳᎨᏒ ᎦᏣᏄᎳ ᎠᎦᏙᎵ ᎠᏓᏅᏏᏙᎠ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎦᎸᏗ. ᎢᏰᎵᏍᏗᎢ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎡᎿᎢ ᎡᎥ varies ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᏗᏂᏱᎴᎩ ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᏗᏂᏱᎴᎩ. ᎢᎦᏛ ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᏗᏂᏱᎴᎩ ᎿᏛᎦ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎾᎾᎢ ᏂᎦᏛ.

ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎸᎯᏳᎢ ᎢᏧᏩᎪᏗ[edit]

ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏧᏩᏓᏔᏅᏒ, ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎩ ᏁᎵᏒ ᎾᏍᏋ ᎢᎦᏛ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏁᎳᏅᎯ ᎠᎦᏘᏯ ᎡᎶᎯ, ᎠᎴ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎠᎪᎲᎢ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎨᏥᏃᎯᏎᏗ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏁᎸ. ᎾᏍᎩ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᏧᏣᏔᏊ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᏗᏓᏘᏁᎯ ᎠᎩᏍᏗ ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ-ᎦᏬᎯᎵᏴᏛ ᏓᎾᏟᎲ ᎠᎩᏍᏗ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᎠᏓᏕᏲᏗ ᎠᎴ ᏓᏕᏲᎲᏍᎬ.

ᎾᏍᎩᏯᎢᎨᏙᏗ, ᎯᎠ ᎦᎸᏉᏗᏳ ᏗᎪᏪᎵ Torah (ᎤᎾᏅᏛ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎬᏱ 5 ᏗᎪᏪᎵ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎦᏴᎵ ᎢᏤ ᎧᏃᎮᏛ) ᎠᎴ Koran ᎢᏧᎳ ᏚᎵᏃᎮᎸ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏠᏱ ᎧᏃᎮᎸᏍᎩ ᏧᏳᎪᏗᎭ, ᎦᎪ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎠᏓᏁᎸ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎳᏂᎬᎬ ᎠᏁᎳᏙᏗ ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎯ ᎧᎵ ᏗᏙᎳᎩ. ᎢᎦᏛ ᏙᏧᏓᎴᏅ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᎤᏔᏂᏗ ᎦᏙᎯ Ꮎ ᎾᏍᎩᏯᎢ ᏧᏳᎪᏗᎭ, ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᏐᎢ ᎠᏕᎶᎰᏍᎩ ᎨᏒᎩ ᏄᏍᏛ ᎧᏃᎮᎸ ᎤᎭ ᏭᎵᏂᎬᎬ ᎠᎾᎵᏐᏈᎸᏍᎬ ᎠᏁᎳᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎾᏍᎩᏯᎢ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎦᏂ ᎯᎠ ᏴᏫ ᏴᏩᏚᏫᏛ ᎠᏂ.

ᎪᎯ ᎤᎵᏱᎸᏛ ᎾᎾᎯ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎬᏱ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᎧᏁᎳ. ᎧᏃᎮᎸᏍᎩ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎥᏝ, ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎠᏤᎯᏐᏗᏱ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᏓᎶᏂᎨᏍᏙᏗ ᏄᎵᏍᏔᏂᏙᎸ, ᎧᏃᎮᎭ Ꮎ ᏌᏊ ᏒᏃᏱ ᎯᎠ ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ Charlemagne ᎠᏍᎩᏓᏒᎯ Ꮎ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏍᎦᏯ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎠᏥᏍᏕᎸᎲᎩ ᎠᏲᎱᏍᎬ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎨᏯᏔᎯ ᏏᏆ ᏧᎧᏅᏍᏕᎾ ᎾᎯᏳᎨᏒ ᎦᏃᎭᎵᏓᏍᏗ. ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏍᎦᏯ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎠᏥᏍᏕᎸᎲᎩ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎦᎾᏄᎪᏨᎢ ᎠᏲᎵ, ᎦᎪ ᎠᏰᎲ ᎠᏚᏯᏍᏔᏅ ᎠᎯᏯᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎠᏲᎱᎯᏍᏗ ᎢᏳᏃ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏍᎦᏯ ᏯᏓᎢᏗᏏ ᎠᏓᏁᏗ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏍᎦᏯ ᏧᎾᏄᏬ ᎫᏢᏗ ᎤᏤᎵ nakedness. ᎯᎠ ᎠᎵᏍᏓᏴᏗ ᎥᏝ interpreted ᎪᎯ ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎤᏁᎫᏥᏛ Ꮎ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏍᎦᏯ ᎠᏚᎸᎲ ᎯᎠ ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ ᎪᏢᎯᏐᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏦᏔ ᎯᎠ cathedral dedicated ᎯᎠ ᎠᏧᏣ-ᎾᏍᎦᏅᏅᎠ ᎾᏍᎦᏅᏅᎠ Quiricus ᎠᎴ ᎾᏍᎦᏅᏅᎠ Julitta.

ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎣᏂᏯᎨᏍᏙᏗ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᎧᏁᎳ, ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎠᎪᎲᎢ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎠᏓᎪᎵᏰᏍᎩ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎯᎠ ᏨᏍᎩᎾ, ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᎢᏴ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎠᎪᎲᎢ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎦᏂᏰᎬ.

ᏱᏂᎬᏛᎾ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎢᏅᏗᎾ, ᏗᏕᎶᏆᏍᎩ ᏯᏛᎿ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ Charaka (300 ᎤᏓᎷᎸ) ᎤᏓᏁᎸ ᏅᎪᏢᎯᏐᏗᏱ ᏗᎪᏏᏌᏅ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎾᏓᏅᏖᏍᎬ ᎣᏂᏗᏢ ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ. ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ Charaka Samhita, ᎯᎠ ᏗᎪᏏᏌᏅ ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎠᏍᏓᏩᏕᎦ: "ᎯᎠ ᏂᎬᏂᏏᏍᎬ ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎦᎵᏉᎩ. ᎤᏅᏌ ᎠᎴ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᏂᎯ ᎤᎭ ᎠᎪᎲᎢ, ᎤᎾᏛᎦᏅ, ᎤᎦᏙᎲᏒ, ᎠᏚᎳᏗ ᎤᎦᏙᎲᏒ, ᎤᏩᏌᏙᏴ ᎤᎦᏙᎲᏒ, ᏁᎵᏒᎢ ᎠᎴ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎦᏛ ᎤᏁᎳᏅ ᎤᏬᏢᏅ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏰᎸ."

ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎣᏂᏯᎨᏍᏙᏗ 19th ᏍᏉᎯᏧᏈ ᏧᏕᏘᏴᏗ ᎧᎵ ᏗᏙᎳᎩ ᎯᎠ theories Sigmund Freud, ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎩ ᏄᏍᏛ ᏛᏙᏓᎧᏂᏍᎬ ᏴᏫ ᎤᏚᎵᎭ ᎠᎴ ᎨᏒᎩ prompted ᎾᎥᎢ ᎤᏓᏎᎦᏤᏗ stimuli.

ᎪᎵᏍᏗᏱ ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ[edit]

ᎯᎠ ᎤᏚᎩ ᎬᏒ fulfilment ᎪᎷᏩᏛᏗ ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ[edit]

ᎣᏓᏅᏛ [[Joe Griffin], ᏌᏊ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏩᏥᎩ ᏴᏫ ᎠᏓᏁᎸ ᎣᏓᏅᏛ, ᎤᎭ ᏩᏗᏱ ᎢᎬᏱᏗᏢ ᎠᏂᎩᏍᏗ ᏗᎪᏏᏌᏅ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎦᏙᏃ ᎠᏂᏴᏫ ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ: ᎯᎠ ᎤᏚᎩ ᎬᏒ fulfilment ᎪᎷᏩᏛᏗ ᎢᏰᎵᏍᏗᎢ. ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏍᎦᏯ reviewed ᏂᎦᏛ ᎯᎠ ᏰᎵ ᎠᏩᏛᏗ ᎠᏏᎾᏍᏛ ᎪᎯᏳᏙ ᎠᎴ ᎾᏛᏁᎲᎩ 12 ᏑᏕᏘᏴᏓ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᏗ ᏅᎠᏯᏍᏗ Ꮎ ᎤᏓᏎᎮᎸᎩ Ꮎ ᏂᎦᏛ ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎢᏳᏂᏪᏛ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎣᏓᏅᏛ ᎾᎥᏂᎨ ᎡᎵᏍᏗ.[1] [2] Interviewed ᎾᎥᎢ ᎢᏤ ᎧᏃᎮᎸᏗ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏍᎦᏯ ᏗᎪᏏᏌᏅᎯ ᎯᎳᎪ ᎤᏤᎵ ᎥᏩᏘᏍᎬ "ᎤᎾᏛᏁᎸᏗ Ꮎ ᏥᏭᏣᏔᏊ ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎦᎸᏗ ᎾᏛᏁ ᎡᏆ ᎦᏁᎸᎢ ᏧᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎠᏴ. ᎠᏂᏏᏴᏫᎭ ᏒᏃᏱ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏂᏲᎯᎭ ᎡᎳᏗ ᎠᏆᏤᎵ autonomic arousal ᎤᏩᎾᏕᏍᎩ. ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎤᏠᏱ ᎾᎬᏁᎲ ᎠᏁᏢᏔᏅᎯ ᎾᏍᎩ waking ᎠᎪᏩᏛᏗ – ᎠᎵᏤᎸᎮᏍᎩ arousing ᎤᎾᏒᎾᏍᏗᏱ ᎠᎴ ᏄᏁᎵᏒ – Ꮎ ᎢᏧᎳ don’t ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎯ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᎯᏳᎢ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎠᎴ ᎤᏰᏨᎩ. ᏌᏊ ᎢᏳᏩᎫᏗ aroused, ᎠᏆᏤᎵ ᎤᏅᏥᏓ ᎤᎭ ᎧᎵᏬᎯ Ꮎ ᎠᏓᏠᎯᏍᏗ arousal ᎠᎴ, ᎢᏳᏃ ᎢᏧᎳ don’t ᎧᎵᏬᎯ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏓᏎᎦᏤᏗ ᎡᎶᎯ, ᎢᏧᎳ ᎿᏛᎦ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎢᎬᏂᏏᏍᎩ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᏆᏤᎵ ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎦᎸᏗ. ᎯᎠ ᏧᎾᏟᎶᏍᏙᏗ arousal ᎠᎴ ᎤᏠᏱ ᎾᎬᏁᎲ ᏄᏛᏁᎸ ᎠᏥᏄᏉᏫᏍᎬ ᎠᎴ ᎾᎥᏂᎨᏍᏗ deactivated." (ᎢᏤ ᎧᏃᎮᎸᏗ. ᎫᏬᏂ 12th pp44-47)

ᏅᎠᏯᏍᏗ ᎾᎥᎢ Michel Jouvet ᎤᏓᏎᎮᎸ Ꮎ ᎢᎦᏛ behaviors ᎠᎴ programmed ᎾᎯᏳᎨᏒ ᎯᎠ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎤᏔᏂᏗ ᎦᏙᎯ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏲᎵ ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ neonate. ᎪᎯ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎠᏎᎾᏍᎩ ᎢᏳᎵᏍᏙᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᏚᎷᎳ ᎦᎸᏙᏗ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏂᏝᎢ ᎣᏂᏯᎨᏍᏙᏗ identifies ᎾᎥᏂᎨ ᎡᎵᏍᏗ ᎣᏓᏅᏛ ᏑᏓᎴᎩ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏙᎯᏳ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎡᎶᎯ. ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎾᎥᏂᎨ ᎡᎵᏍᏗ ᎦᎸᏙᏗ ᎠᏓᏁᏗ ᎡᎿᎢ ᎡᎥ ᎯᎠ ᏅᏏᎾᏒ ᎦᏬᎯᎵᏴᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏄᏍᏗᏓᏅ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏩᏂᎨ ᎦᎶᎯᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏛᎯᏍᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏅᏏᎾᏒ ᎠᏕᎶᏆᏍᏗ, ᎤᏟ ᎬᏰᎸᏗ ᎬᎾᏬᏍᎬ ᎣᏍᏛ ᏗᎦᏘᎸᏍᏗ.[3]

ᏓᎦᏘᎴᎬ ᏭᏎᎸ ᎠᏥᏄᏉᏫᏍᎬ Ꮎ ᏌᏊ ᏰᎵᏇ ᎠᎪᏩᏛᏗ ᎪᎯ ᏧᎵᎬᏩᎳᏅᎯ ᎯᎳᎪ ᎢᏳ, ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᏱᏓᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ, ᎤᏍᏗ ᎠᏯᏍᏗ ᎠᏥᏄᏉᏫᏍᎬ ᎠᎴ ᏗᏓᏲᎯᏍᏗ ᎾᎿ ᏂᎦᎥᏇ ᎤᏠᏱ – ᎾᎥᏂᎨ ᎡᎵᏍᏗ – ᏂᎯ, ᎾᏍᎩᏯᎢ ᎦᏰᏌᏛ ᎠᎴ ᎠᎹ ᎦᏄᎪᎬ ᎦᏅᏗ. ᏌᏊ ᎢᏳᏩᎫᏗ ᎣᏓᏅᏛ-ᎤᏱᎵᏒᎩ ᏗᏟᎶᏍᏙᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ activated ᎠᎴ ᏗᏙᎳᎩ ᎤᏚᎩ ᎬᏒ, ᎾᏍᎩ ᏰᎵᏇ ᏄᎶᏒᏍᏛᎾ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᏩᏒ ᎾᏍᏋ deactivated ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏙᎯᏳᏒ ᎠᏫᏗᏍᎬ ᎠᏥᏄᏉᏫᏍᎬ ᎯᎠ programmed behavior ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏓᏅᏖᏗᏍᎩ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎵᏓᏍᏗ, ᎠᎴ ᎪᎯ ᏰᎵ ᏧᎸᏌᏓ ᎾᏛᏁ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎠᏓᏁᏗ ᎡᎿᎢ ᎡᎥ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏓᏆᎵ ᎤᏚᎳᏗ ᏄᎵᏍᏔᏅ ᏩᎵᏃᎯᏯᏍᎬ.

"ᎠᎾᎵᏍᎪᎸᏘᏍᎬ ᎤᏣᏘᎾ ᎠᏥᎸ ᎦᏌᏙᏯᏍᎩ" ᎤᏠᏱᎭ ᎤᏲᏨᎯ ᎤᏔᎳᏬᏍᎬ, ᎠᎴ ᎢᏳᏃ ᎡᎿᎢ ᎡᎥ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎯ ᎠᏥᏄᏉᏫᏍᎬ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᎠᏓᏖᎸᏍᎬ ᏄᎵᏍᏛ ᏂᎦᎥᎢ ᎢᏳᏩᎪᏗ ᎤᏅᏌ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎠᎵᏤᎸᎮᏍᎩ aroused, Ꮎ ᏯᏓᎢᏗᏏ ᎾᏍᏋ ᎤᏐᏅᎢ. ᎾᏍᎩ ᎢᎬᏂᏏᏍᎩ ᎡᎿᎢ ᎡᎥ ᎤᏚᎳᏗ ᏄᎵᏍᏔᏅ ᎠᏛᎯᏍᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏅᏏᎾᏒ ᎤᎵᏍᎪᎸᏔᏅ arousals ᎯᎳᎪ ᎢᏳ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎢᏳᎵᏍᏙᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎠᎴᏫᏍᏙᏗ ᎠᏂ ᎣᏂᏯᎨᏍᏙᏗ ᎯᎳᎪ ᎢᏳ ᎤᏅᏌ ᏰᎵᏇ ᎿᏛᎦ Ꮭ ᎡᏍᎦ ᎢᎬᏁᎯ. ᏓᎦᏘᎴᎬ hypothesized Ꮎ Ꮎ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎦᏙᏃ ᎡᎿᎢ ᎡᎥ ᏚᏙᎳᏩᏛᎲ ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ. ᎾᎯᏳᎨᏒ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎦᎸᏗ, ᎤᏄᎸᎲᏍᎩ ᎠᎵᏤᎸᎮᏍᎩ ᎤᏚᎩ ᏚᏅᏒ ᎠᎦᏍᎦᏂ ᎦᏬᎯᎸᏙᏗ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎦ ᎠᎴ ᏗᏍᏆᎸᏙᏗ ᎠᏥᏄᏉᏫᏍᎬ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎾᎥᏂᎨ ᎡᎵᏍᏗ, ᎯᎠ ᎢᏴ deactivating ᎠᏂ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏎᏊᎢ ᎦᎸᎳᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏅᏥᏓ ᏗᏓᏅᏓᏁᏗᏱ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎢᏤ ᎠᎵᏤᎸᎮᏍᎩ arousing ᏂᏕᎦᎵᏍᏔᏂᏙᎲ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏍᏓᏩᏗᏒ ᎢᎦ. ᏄᏠᏯᏍᏛᎾ ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎠᎧᎵᏐᏗ ᎡᎿᎢ ᎡᎥ' ᎤᏚᎩ ᏚᏅᏒ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎠᏥᏅᏏᏓᏍᏗ ᏧᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ ᎠᏂ ᎠᏥᏄᏉᏫᏍᎬ ᎤᏠᏱ ᎾᎬᏁᎲ, ᎠᎴ ᎾᎥᏂᎨᏍᏗ ᎤᏲᏨᎯ ᎯᎠ autonomic ᎤᏓᏅᏖᏗᏍᎩ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎵᏓᏍᏗ, ᎡᎿᎢ ᎡᎥ ᏯᏓᎢᏗᏏ ᎤᏚᎳᏗ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎤᏔᏂᏗ ᎤᏅᏥᏓ.

ᏓᎦᏘᎴᎬ ᎤᏤᎵ ᎤᏚᎩ ᎬᏒ fulfilment ᎪᎷᏩᏛᏗ ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎧᏃᎮᎭ Ꮎ:

  1. ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎤᏠᏱ ᎾᎬᏁᎲ ᎠᏁᏢᏔᏅᎯ waking ᎤᏚᎩ ᏚᏅᏒ.
  2. ᎤᏚᎩ ᏚᏅᏒ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᏂᎬᏂᏏᏍᎬ ᎠᎵᏤᎸᎮᏍᎩ arousal Ꮎ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᏄᏛᏁᎸ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᎯᏳᎨᏒ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎦ ᎤᏲᏨᎯ ᎯᎠ arousal, ᏗᏙᎳᎩ ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎾᎯᏳᎨᏒ ᎦᎸᏗ.
  3. ᎢᏰᎵᏍᏗᎢ ᎠᎴᏫᏍᏙᏗ Ꮎ ᎠᎵᏤᎸᎮᏍᎩ arousal ᎾᎥᎢ ᎠᏍᏆᏗᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏚᎩ ᎬᏒ ᏗᏟᎶᏍᏙᏗ ᎤᏠᏱ ᎾᎬᏁᎲ, ᎠᏎᏊᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏅᏥᏓ ᎦᏬᎯᎵᏴᏍᏗ ᏗᏍᏆᎸᏙᏗ ᎠᏂᏏᏴᏫᎭ ᎢᏤ ᎢᎦ.

Arthur J. Deikman M. D., Clinical ᏗᏕᎶᏆᏍᎩ Psychiatry, ᏗᏕᎶᏆᏍᏗ California, ᏄᏍᏛ ᎧᏃᎮᎸ ᏓᎦᏘᎴᎬ ᎤᏤᎵ ᎪᎷᏩᏛᏗ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ "ᎤᏍᏆᏂᎪᏗᏳ ᎢᏤᎢ ᎠᎴ stimulating ᏗᎧᏃᏗᎢ ᎢᏰᎵᏍᏗᎢ, ᎠᏓᎴᏂᏍᎬ ᎠᎴ ᏴᏫ ᎤᏯᎾᏛᏁᏗ."[4]

ᎬᏗᏍᎬᎢ ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ therapy[edit]

ᎯᎠ ᎤᏚᎩ ᎬᏒ fulfilment ᎪᎷᏩᏛᏗ ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎤᎭ ᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᏄᏩᏁᎸ ᎤᏟ ᎢᎦᎢ ᏗᏙᎳᎩ ᎦᎶᎯᏍᏗ ᎬᏗᏍᎬᎢ ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎾᎥᏂᎨ ᎡᎵᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ therapy. ᏴᏫ ᎠᏓᏁᎸ therapists ᎣᎾᏛ Ꮎ ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎾᎥᏂᎨ ᎡᎵᏍᏗ Ꮎ ᏣᎦᏘᏲᏎᎯ ᎠᏲᎯᏍᏗ therapy ᎤᎭ ᎠᏅᏬᏗ ᏧᎬᏩᎶᏗ ᎢᎬᏂᏏᏍᎩ ᎤᏅᏌ ᏰᎵᏇ ᎢᏳᏓᎵᎭ ᎦᏂᏴᏗ ᏗᎬᏩᎶᏒ ᎯᎠ ᎾᎥᏂᎨ ᎡᎵᏍᏗ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎤᏓᏅᏖᏗᏍᎬ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᎤᏢᎩ. ᎤᏅᏌ ᏰᎵᏇ ᎾᎯᏳᎢ ᎠᎵᏍᏕᎸᏗ ᏣᎦᏘᏲᏎᎯ ᎠᎪᏩᏛᏗ ᎤᏟ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎤᏓᏎᎦᏤᏗ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ troubling ᎠᏂ. ᎧᏂᎬᎾᎥ ᏴᏫ ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎤᏟ ᎢᎦᎢ ᏂᎬᎢ ᎬᎾᏬᏍᎬ ᎬᏙᏗ-ᎧᏂᎬᎾᎥ ᏴᏫ, ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏚᎩ ᎬᏒ fulfilment ᎪᎷᏩᏛᏗ ᏕᎪᏏᏏ ᎦᏙᏃ ᏓᎦᏘᎴᎬ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᎧᏁᎢᏍᏔᏅ Ꮎ hypnosis ᎨᏒᎢ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎠᏏᎾᏌᏂ ᎧᏁᎢᏍᏔᏅᎯ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎠᏓᏎᎮᏗ ᏫᏚᏳᎪᏛ activating ᎯᎠ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎤᏔᏂᏗ ᎦᏙᎯ, ᎠᎴ Ꮎ ᏂᎦᏛ ᎡᎷᏪᎢ phenomena ᏰᎵᏇ ᎾᏍᏋ ᏗᎪᏏᏌᏅᎯ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎪᎯ ᎥᎦᏔᎲᎢ. ᎣᏂ ᏧᏩᎫᏛ ᎢᏰᎵᏍᏗᎢ ᎠᎴ ᎧᏁᎢᏍᏔᏅ ᏗᏁᎶᏗ ᏯᏛᎿ ᎤᎵᏍᎨᏛ ᎠᏛᏁᎵᏍᎩ ᎤᏍᏆᎸᎡᎲ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ psychotherapy, ᎪᎯ ᏯᏛᎾ ᎤᏙᎯᏳ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎡᏆ ᎦᏛᎬᎢ psychotherapists ᎠᎴ ᏗᏘᏲᎯᎯ.

ᎤᏁᎳᏅᎯ ᎠᎦᏘᏯ ᎪᎷᏩᏛᏗ ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ[edit]

ᎯᎠ ᎤᏍᏆᏂᎪᏗᏳ ᎠᎴ ᎢᏳᏓᎵᎭ ᏓᎦᏘᎴᎬ ᎤᏁᎳᏅ ᎤᏬᏢᏅ ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎤᎭ ᎤᏗᏅᏒᎩ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎠᏁᎳᏙᏗ ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏩᎦᎸᎳᏗᏴ ᏗᏓᏁᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎨᏥᏃᎯᏎᏗ, ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎤᏚᎩ ᎬᏒ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏩᎫᏗᏗᏒ, ᎠᎴ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎨᏥᏃᎯᏎᏗ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎯᎠ ᏧᏩᏓᏔᏅᏒ. ᏅᎪᏢᎯᏐᏗᏱ, ᎯᎠ ᎠᏓᏅᏖᏗ ᎯᎠ "ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎡᎶᎯ" ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎤᏙᎯᏳ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ "ᎢᎦ ᎡᎶᎯ" ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏁᎵᏒᎢ ᎨᏒᎢ ᏄᏓᎴ ᎤᏁᎳᏅᎯ ᎠᎦᏘᏯ ᎪᎷᏩᏛᏗ ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ. ᏭᏓᎪᎾᏛ ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎤᏬᎯᏳᏅ ᎤᎭ ᏭᏪᏙᎢ ᎠᏓᏅᏒ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎤᏁᎳᏅᎯ ᎠᎦᏘᏯ ᎤᎭ ᎤᏗᏅᏒᎩ ᏧᎾᏍᏗ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᏌᏊ ᏗᏁᎸᏙᏗ ᏄᏓᎴ, ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᏱᏓᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ Islam ᏚᏳᎪᏛ, ᎠᎴ ᏔᎵᏁ vice versa.

ᏗᎦᏃᏣᎳᏅ, ᎤᏚᎩ ᎬᏒ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏩᎫᏗᏗᏒ ᏗᎬᏩᎶᏒ ᎯᎠ ᎪᎷᏩᏛᏗ ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ, ᏗᏂᏂᏴ ᎡᏆ ᎤᏬᎯᏳᏒ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎸᎯᏳᎢ Judeo-ᏚᏳᎪᏛ: ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ Tanakh, Jacob, ᏧᏳᎪᏗᎭ ᎠᎴ Daniel ᎠᎴ ᎠᏓᏁᎸ ᎯᎠ ᏅᏏᎾᏒ ᎠᏁᎳᏙᏗ ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎾᎥᎢ Yahweh; ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎢᏤ ᎧᏃᎮᏛ, ᏩᎦᎸᎳᏗᏴ ᎠᏓᎵᎦᎵᏍᏗᏍᎩ ᎦᎷᎦ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎾᏍᎦᏅᏅᎠ ᏧᏳᎪᏗᎭ, ᎯᎠ ᎠᏍᎦᎭ ᎠᏂᏁᎳ ᎺᎵ, ᎯᎳᎪ ᎢᏳ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏂᏓᏪᎯ Gabriel ᎤᏁᏨ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏍᎦᏯ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎤᏃᎮᎴᎢ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏍᎦᏯ Ꮎ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏍᏗ Mary ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎠᏫᏗᏍᎬ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏪᏥ ᎤᏁᎳᏅᎯ. ᎤᎶᏐᏅ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏓᏩᏛᎯᏓᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏦᎢ ᎠᎦᏔᎾᎯ ᎠᏂᏍᎦᏯ ᎠᏂ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ Bethlehem, ᎠᏂᏓᏪᎯ ᎤᎾᏄᎪᏨ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏍᎦᏯ ᎠᎴ ᎤᏃᎮᎴᎢ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏍᎦᏯ ᎠᎩᏍᏗ Mary ᎠᎴ ᏥᏌ Egypt ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᏄᎾᏰᎯᏍᏛᎾ. ᎯᎠ ᎠᏂᏓᏪᎯ ᎤᎾᏄᎪᏨ ᎠᏏᏇ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᏚᎵᏃᎮᎸ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏍᎦᏯ ᎯᎳᎪ ᎢᏳ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᏂᎦᎾᏰᎬᎾ ᎥᎦᎷᏨ Israel. ᎯᎠ ᎧᏃᎮᎸᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᎦᏅᏅᎠ Patrick ᎠᎴ ᎤᏤᎵ ᏧᎾᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏴᏫ Ireland ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᏄᏍᏛ ᏗᎨᎦᏃᏗ ᎢᏰᎵᏍᏗᎢ. ᎯᎳᎪ ᎢᏳ Patrick ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᏗᎨᏥᎾᏝᎢ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ Antrim ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏍᎦᏯ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎤᏃᎮᎴᎢ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎤᏁᎳᏅᎯ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ Ꮎ ᎾᎿᎢ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᏥᏳ ᎠᎦᏘᏴ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ Wicklow ᎠᏲᎯᏍᏗ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏍᎦᏯ ᎦᏐᎯ ᎤᏤᎵ homeland. ᎢᎦᏛ ᏧᏕᏘᏴᏓ ᎣᏂᏯᎨᏍᏙᏗ Patrick dreamt Ꮎ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏁᎳ ᎨᏒᎩ ᏓᏯᏂᏍᎬ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏍᎦᏯ ᎥᎦᎷᏨ ᎠᎴ ᎤᎧᏛ ᎠᏂ ᏚᏳᎪᏛ.

ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ Islam, ᎣᏍᏛ ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎠᎦᏎᏍᏔᏅ ᎾᏍᏋ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎤᏁᎳᏅᎯ ᎠᎴ ᎤᏲᎢ ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᏨᏍᎩᎾ.[5]

ᏭᏕᎵᎬᏗᏢ ᏗᏕᎶᏆᏍᎩ sceptical ᎤᏣᏍᏈᏗ (ᏂᎬᎢ René Descartes) ᎤᎭ ᏭᏎᎸ ᎠᏥᏄᏉᏫᏍᎬ Ꮎ ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ unigatohvsv ᎠᎴ ᎢᏗᎦᏘᎭ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ "ᎤᏙᎯᏳ ᎾᏍᎩ" ᏂᏕᎦᎵᏍᏔᏂᏙᎲ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎯᎠ viewpoint ᎯᎠ ᎤᎿᎸ ᎠᏍᎦᏯ, ᎠᎴ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎢᎬᏂᏏᏍᎩ Ꮭ ᎤᏓᏎᎦᏤᏗ ᎠᎴᏅᏙᏗ ᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᏂᏚᏍᏗ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ determining ᎢᏳᏃ ᏌᏊ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎢᏰᎵᏍᏗᎢ ᎠᎴ ᎤᏰᏨᎩ ᎾᎾᎢ ᏂᎦᎵᏍᏗᏍᎬᎫ ᎠᏓᏁᎸ ᏄᎵᏍᏛ. ᏌᏊ ᎠᏎ, ᎤᏅᏌ ᎠᏘᏲᎯᎭ, ᏗᏓᏂᎸᎢᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏙᎯᏳ ᏄᏍᏛ ᎯᎠ waking ᎡᎶᎯ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎴᏅᏙᏗ ᎪᎯᏳᏗ.
ᎠᏏᎾᏍᏛ ᎪᎯᏳᏙ ᎾᎿ ᎠᏨᏍᏛ ᎢᏰᎵᏍᏗᎢ ᏓᏓᏁᎳᏁ ᏗᏎᎯᎯ-ᏗᎪᏏᏐᏗ ᎪᎯ ᎪᎷᏩᏛᏗ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ 1980s ᎠᏨᏍᏛ ᎤᎿᎸ ᎠᏍᎦᏯ ᎨᏒᎩ ᏰᎵᏆ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᏗ ᎠᏓᏃᎮᏗ researchers Ꮎ ᎤᏅᏌ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎠᏕᎶᎰᏍᎩ ᎨᏯᏙᎲᏍᏗ ᎠᎴᏂᏙᎲ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎤᏔᏂᏗ ᎦᏙᎯ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎬᏗᏍᎬᎢ ᎠᎦᏙᎵ ᎠᏓᏅᏏᏙᎠ ᏂᎬᎢ.[6]

Psychodynamic ᎪᎷᏩᏛᏗ ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ[edit]

ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏒ ᎤᏓᏡᎬ: ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎪᎷᏩᏛᏗ

ᎢᏧᎳ Sigmund Freud ᎠᎴ Carl Jung ᎠᏓᏙᎯᏙᏗ ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎠᏥᏅᏏᏓᏍᏗ ᏧᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎯᎠ ᎾᏕᎶᎰᏍᎬᎾ ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏕᎶᎰᏍᎩ. ᎤᏅᏌ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᎧᏁᎢᏍᏗᏱ ᎢᏧᎳ Ꮎ ᎾᏕᎶᎰᏍᎬᎾ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎾᏓᏛᏂᏌᏁᎲ ᎦᏌᏙᏯᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ, ᎠᎴ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏩᏓᏁᏗᏱ Ꮝ ᎣᏤᎵ ᎠᏓᏅᏖᏗᏱ ᎠᎵᏂᎬᏁᏗᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏒᎾᏍᏗᏱ ᏗᎾᏕᏲᎲᏍᎩ. ᎾᎯᏳᎢ Freud ᎤᏒᏂᎸ Ꮎ ᎾᎿᎢ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎯ censorship ᏗᎦᏘᎴᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎾᏕᎶᎰᏍᎬᎾ ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᎾᎯᏳᎨᏒ ᎦᎸᏗ, Jung argued Ꮎ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎤᏤᎵ ᏓᎦᏘᎴᎬ ᎢᎦ ᎣᏏ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎠᏏᎾᏍᏛ ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ, ᎠᎾᎵᏐᏈᎸᏍᎬ ᎠᏟᎶᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᏧᏓᎴᎿᎢ ᏰᎵᏇ ᎢᎬᏁᏗ ᎠᎦᏚᏕᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ underlying ᎦᏛᎬᎢ. Fritz Perls ᎤᏓᏁᎸᎩ ᎤᏤᎵ ᎪᎷᏩᏛᏗ ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎠᏍᏓᏩᏗᏒ ᎯᎠ holistic ᎤᏁᎳᏅ ᎤᏬᏢᏅ gestalt therapy. ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎠᎪᎲᎢ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎠᎴᏂᏙᎲ ᏂᎯ ᎢᎦᏛᎭ ᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᏄᏍᏛᎢ. ᎢᏳᏓᎵᎭ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎴ ᎢᎦᏛᎭ Ꮎ ᎤᎭ ᏭᏪᏙᎢ ignored, ᎠᏓᏯᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎢᏧᎳᎭ suppressed. ᏌᏊ ᎠᎵᏐᏍᏛ gestalt ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᏗᎫᎪᏙᏗ ᎢᎬᏁᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ ᏗᏓᏂᎸᎢᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ reintegrate ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ. ᎯᎠ ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎤᏚᎸᏗ ᏄᎾᏛᏅ ᎾᏍᏋ accepted ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ Ꮝ ᎣᏤᎵ ᏚᏳᎪᏛ - ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎤᏲᏨᎯ ᎡᎳᏗ ᎠᎴ analyzed ᎠᏥᏄᏉᏫᏍᎬ ᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᏄᏍᏛᎢ.

ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ[edit]

ᎾᎿᎢ ᎨᏒᎢ Ꮭ ᎢᎬᏩᎾᏓᎴᎩ ᏚᏓᏂᎸᏨ-ᎾᏍᎩ biological ᏩᏎᏍᏗ ᎾᎿ ᎢᏰᎵᏍᏗᎢ. ᎯᎠ ᎤᏬᎯᏳᏒ ᎧᏃᎮᎭ Ꮎ ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎤᎾᎵᎪᏅᎯ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎦᎸᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᎪᎯᏳᏙ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎪᎯ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎤᎳᏂᎩᏓ. ᎢᏳᏍᏗ ᏗᎧᏃᎮᏗ awakened ᎾᎯᏳᎨᏒ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎦᎸᏗ ᎤᏠᏱᎭ ᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᎢᎬᏁᏗ ᎤᎲᎢ ᏭᏪᏙᎢ ᎢᏰᎵᏍᏗᎢ ᎠᎴ ᎣᏂ ᏧᏩᎫᏛ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎦᎸᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎠᏍᏛᎩ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎬᏙᏗ-ᎬᏙᏗ ᎦᎸᏗ, ᎾᏍᎩ ᏯᏓᎢᏗᏏ ᎾᏍᏋ ᎤᏚᎩ ᎤᏩᏒ Ꮎ ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎤᏟ ᎢᏲᏍᏛ ᎠᏅᏓᏛᎯ ᎠᎴ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎠᏎᎾᏍᎩ ᎢᏳᎵᏍᏙᏗ ᎤᏟ ᎢᎦᎢ ᏧᏣᏔᏊ ᎾᎯᏳᎨᏒ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎦᎸᏗ. ᎢᎦᏛ neurologists ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᎤᎾᏓᏟᏌᎲ ᎠᏓᏅᏖᏗᏱ phenomena ᏯᏛᎿ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ daydreaming ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏓᏩᏛᎢᏍᏗ ᎢᏰᎵᏍᏗᎢ.

ᎾᎯᏳᎨᏒ ᏫᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᎠᎴᏫᏍᏙᏗ ᎠᏏᏴᏫ ᎤᏩᏍᎬ ᎬᏩᏚᏫᏛ 6 ᏧᏕᏘᏴᏓ ᎢᏰᎵᏍᏗᎢ[7] (ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎬᏩᏚᏫᏛ 2 ᎢᏧᏟᎶᏛ ᎠᏂᏏᏴᏫᎭ ᏒᏃᏱ[8]).

ᎢᎦᏛ ᏗᎦᏎᏍᏙᏗ ᎾᎿ ᎢᏳᏩᎪᏗ ᎤᏓᏅᏖᏗ ᎾᎯᏳᎨᏒ ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎤᎭ ᏕᎫᎪᏔᏅ Ꮎ ᎢᏳᏍᏗ ᎧᏃᎮᏗ ᎤᏤᎵ ᎤᏓᏅᏖᏗ ᎢᏳᏩᎪᏗ ᎾᎯᏳᎨᏒ ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎾᎥᏂᎨᎢ matches ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᎢᏳᏩᎪᏗ ᎤᏓᏅᏖᏗ ᎾᎯᏳᎨᏒ waking ᎠᎵᏂᎬᏁᏗᎢ. ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏐᎢ ᎤᏂᏁᏨ, ᎢᏳᏃ ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎾᏁᎵᏍᎬᎢ ᎾᏍᎩᏯᎢ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏰᎵᏊ ᏄᏪᏨ ᏔᎳᏍᎪᎯ ᎯᎸᏍᎩ ᎢᏯᏔᏬᏍᏔᏅ, ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏗᎦᏎᏍᏙᏗ ᎧᏁᎢᏍᏙᏗ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎤᏙᎯᏳᎢ ᎬᏩᏚᏫᏛ ᏔᎳᏍᎪᎯ ᎯᎸᏍᎩ ᎢᏯᏔᏬᏍᏔᏅ. ᏱᏂᎬᏛᎾ, ᏐᎢ ᏗᎦᏎᏍᏙᏗ ᎤᎭ ᎠᏩᏛᏗ ᎪᎯ ᎾᏍᏋ ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ ᎠᏕᎶᏆᏍᏗ. ᎯᎠ ᎢᏴ, ᎾᎿᎢ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎢᎦᏛ ᏗᏟᏴ ᏗᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏂᏰᎸᏍᎬ ᎯᎠ ᏗᏗᎦᎴᏴ ᎢᏳᏩᎪᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᏓᎾᏓᏛᎩᏍᎬ ᎤᏙᎯᏳ ᏄᏍᏛ.

ᎾᏍᎩ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎤᎧᏁᎳ ᎭᏢᏃ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏅᏥᏓ ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎠᎴᏅᏙᏗ — ᎢᏳᏃ ᎾᎿᎢ ᎨᏒᎢ ᏯᏛᎿ ᏏᏴᏫ ᎦᎷᎯᏍᏗ — ᎠᎴ ᎦᏙᏃ ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᏄᎵᏍᏔᏅ ᎾᎾᎢ ᏂᎦᏛ. ᏱᏂᎬᏛᎾ, ᎾᎿᎢ ᎠᎴ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ competing theories ᎯᎠ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ.

Eugen Tarnow ᎠᏂᏁᎢᏍᏗ Ꮎ ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎢᏳᏊ ᎡᏙᎠ ᏄᎵᏂᎬᎬ ᎦᏅᎯᏓ ᎠᎴᏂᏍᎬ ᎠᏅᏓᏗᏍᏗ, ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᎾᎯᏳᎨᏒ waking ᎥᎴᏂᏙᎲ. ᎯᎠ strangeness ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎤᏍᏆᎸᎲ ᎯᎠ format ᎦᏅᎯᏓ-ᎠᎴᏂᏍᎬ ᎠᏅᏓᏗᏍᏗ, reminiscent ᎯᎠ Penfield ᎠᎴ Rasmussen’s ᎥᏩᏘᏍᎬ Ꮎ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎠᎾᎦᎵᏍᎩ ᏄᎵᏂᎬᎬ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎠᏓᏁᏗ ᎤᎵᏌᎳᏙᏗ unigatohvsv ᎤᏠᏱ ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ. ᎾᎯᏳᎨᏒ waking ᎥᎴᏂᏙᎲ ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ ᎤᏯᎾᏛᏁᏗ ᎠᏁᎳᏙᏗ ᎦᏅᎯᏓ ᎠᎴᏂᏍᎬ ᎠᏅᏓᏗᏍᏗ ᎤᏠᏱᎭ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎤᏙᎯᏳ ᏄᏍᏛ ᏕᎪᏢᏍᎬ ᏗᏎᎯᏍᏗ. Tarnow ᎤᏤᎵ ᎪᎷᏩᏛᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ reworking Freud ᎤᏤᎵ ᎪᎷᏩᏛᏗ ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ Freud ᎤᏤᎵ ᎾᏕᎶᎰᏍᎬᎾ ᎨᏒᎢ ᏅᎪᏢᎯᏌᏅ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏅᎯᏓ ᎠᎴᏂᏍᎬ ᎠᏅᏓᏗᏍᏗ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎵᏓᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ Freud ᎤᏤᎵ “Dream Work” ᏄᏍᏛ ᎧᏃᎮᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏛᎯᏍᏙᏗ ᎦᏅᎯᏓ ᎠᎴᏂᏍᎬ ᎠᏅᏓᏗᏍᏗ.[9]

ᎯᎠ activation ᏧᏓᎴᎾᎢ ᎪᎷᏩᏛᏗ ᎤᏙᎷᏩᏛᏓ ᎾᎥᎢ Allan Hobson ᎠᎴ Robert McCarley ᎧᏁᎢᏍᏗᏱ Ꮎ ᎯᎠ ᎣᏓᏅᏛ ᎤᏂᎦᏙᎲᏒ ᎠᎴ ᎦᎾᎬᎢ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏰᎵ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎤᏅᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ ᎠᏁᎳᏙᏗ ᎤᏍᏆᏂᎪᏗ ᏂᎬᎢ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎯᎠ pons. ᎤᏅᏌ ᎠᎵᏔᏲᏍᏗ Ꮎ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎦᎸᏗ, ᎯᎠ ᎠᎷᏚᎧᏘ cholinergic PGO (ponto-geniculo-occipital) ᎠᎺᏉᎯ ᏄᎵᏂᎬᎬ ᎦᎸᎳᏗᎨᏍᏙᏗ midbrain ᎠᎴ forebrain ᎠᏰᎵ ᎠᏛᎯᏍᏙᏗ, ᎠᏛᎯᏍᏗᏍᎬ ᎦᏣᏄᎳ ᎠᎦᏙᎵ ᎠᏓᏅᏏᏙᎠ. ᎯᎠ activated forebrain ᎾᎯᏳᎢ synthesizes ᎯᎠ ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎠᏥᏄᏉᏫᏍᎬ ᎪᎯ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ generated ᎠᏓᏃᎯᏎᏗ. ᎤᏅᏌ ᎢᏰᎵᏍᏗ Ꮎ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏠᏱ ᎠᏛᎯᏍᏙᏗ Ꮎ ᎢᏳᏩᏂᏐᏗ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎦᎸᏗ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᎠᏛᎯᏍᏙᏗ ᎣᏓᏅᏛ ᎠᏓᏃᎯᏎᏗ.[10] ᎠᏅᏓᏗᏍᏗ, ᎠᎦᏎᏍᏙᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᏐᎢ ᏄᏍᏛ ᏗᎨᎦᏃᏗ ᎦᎷᎶᎩ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎤᏔᏂᏗ ᎦᏙᎯ ᎠᎴ ᎠᎩᏒᎯ ᎠᎵᏍᎦᏍᏙᏗ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ neurotransmitters, norepinephrine ᎠᎴ serotonin, ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎡᏙᎠ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᎦᏲᎳᏛᎯ ᎤᏓᏂᏝᏅ ᎾᎯᏳᎨᏒ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎦᎸᏗ. ᎪᎯ chemical ᏧᎾᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ hypothesized ᎠᏛᎯᏍᏙᏗ psychotic ᎤᏔᏂᏗ ᎦᏙᎯ, ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎠᏔᎴᏒ ᎠᎹᏱ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎦᎷᎶᎩ ᎠᏍᏆᎨᏂ.

ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ ᏐᎢ ᎤᏬᏰᏂ, ᏅᎠᏯᏍᏗ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎤᏙᏪᎸ Solms ᎠᏂᏁᎢᏍᏗ Ꮎ ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ generated ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ forebrain, ᎠᎴ Ꮎ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎦᎸᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎢᏰᎵᏍᏗᎢ ᎠᎴ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎾᎿ ᎢᏴ ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᎠᎾᏓᏛᏂ.[11]

Combining Hobson ᎤᏤᎵ activation ᏧᏓᎴᎾᎢ ᏄᏍᏗᏓᏅ ᎬᏙᏗ Solms ᎤᏤᎵ ᎥᏩᏘᏍᎬ, ᎯᎠ ᏂᎪᎯᎸᎢ-activation ᎪᎷᏩᏛᏗ ᎢᏰᎵᏍᏗᎢ ᎤᏓᏁᎸᎩ ᎾᎥᎢ Jie Zhang ᎠᎵᏔᏲᏍᏗ Ꮎ ᎢᏰᎵᏍᏗᎢ ᎨᏒᎢ ᏄᎵᏍᏔᏅ ᎤᏅᏥᏓ activation ᎠᎴ ᏧᏓᎴᎾᎢ, ᎠᎴ ᎾᎾᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏠᏱ ᎢᏳᏩᎪᏗ, ᎢᏰᎵᏍᏗᎢ ᎠᎴ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎦᎸᏗ ᎠᎴ controlled ᎾᎥᎢ ᏄᏓᎴᎿᎥ ᎤᏅᏥᏓ ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᎬᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ. Zhang hypothesizes Ꮎ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏯᎾᏛᏁᏗ ᎦᎸᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ ᏧᎵᎬᏩᎳᏅᎯ, encode ᎠᎴ ᏫᏓᏲᎯᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎾᎯᏳ ᎢᎪᎯ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎬᏱ ᎨᏰᎯ ᎠᏅᏓᏗᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏅᎯᏓ-ᎠᎴᏂᏍᎬ ᎠᏅᏓᏗᏍᏗ, ᎤᏁᎳᎩ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏊ ᎾᎿᎢ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎤᏣᏘ ᎪᎯᏳᏙ ᎦᏐᎯ ᎦᎸᎳᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ "ᎠᏫᏒᏗ". NREM ᎦᎸᏗ processes ᎯᎠ ᎠᏕᎶᎰᏍᎩ ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᎠᎾᏓᏛᏂ ᎠᏅᏓᏗᏍᏗ (declarative ᎠᏅᏓᏗᏍᏗ); ᎠᎴ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎦᎸᏗ processes ᎯᎠ ᎬᏙᏗ-ᎠᏕᎶᎰᏍᎩ ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᎠᎾᏓᏛᏂ ᎠᏅᏓᏗᏍᏗ (procedural ᎠᏅᏓᏗᏍᏗ). Zhang ᎢᏰᎵᏍᏗ Ꮎ ᎾᎯᏳᎨᏒ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎦᎸᏗ, ᎯᎠ ᎬᏙᏗ-ᎠᏕᎶᎰᏍᎩ ᎢᎦᏛ ᎤᏅᏥᏓ ᎨᏒᎢ ᏧᏍᏈᏯ ᏧᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᎯ ᏧᎵᎬᏩᎳᏅᎯ ᎯᎠ procedural ᎠᏅᏓᏗᏍᏗ; ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎾᎯᏳ ᏯᏛᎿ, ᎯᎠ ᎤᏩᎾᏕᏍᎩ activation ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏕᎶᎰᏍᎩ ᎢᎦᏛ ᎤᏅᏥᏓ ᏫᎵ ᎠᎦᏲᎳᏗᏍᏗ ᎤᏙᎯᏳ ᎡᎳᏗ ᎤᏩᎾᏕᏍᎩ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ inputs ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎯᎠ ᎣᏓᏅᏛ ᎠᎴ basically ᎬᏙᏗ. ᎪᎯ ᏫᎵ ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᎬᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏂᎪᎯᎸᎢ-activation ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᎬᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ ᎠᏛᎯᏍᏙᏗ ᎾᎯᏳ ᎢᎪᎯ ᎤᏪᏴᎢ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏅᏓᏗᏍᏗ ᏓᏓᎾᏅ ᎠᏕᏴᎠᏍᎬ ᏗᎬᏩᎶᏒ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏕᎶᎰᏍᎩ ᎢᎦᏛ ᎤᏅᏥᏓ. Zhang ᎠᏂᏁᎢᏍᏗ Ꮎ ᎪᎯ ᏧᏩᏚᏃᎯ-ᎾᏍᎩᏯᎢ ᎤᏅᏥᏓ activation ᎨᏒᎢ ᎯᎠ inducer ᎠᏂᏏᏴᏫᎭ ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ. ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏍᎦᏯ ᎠᎵᏔᏲᏍᏗ Ꮎ, ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏠᏯᏍᏔᏅ ᎤᏅᏥᏓ associative ᎠᎾᏓᏅᏖᏍᎬ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎵᏓᏍᏗ, ᎢᏰᎵᏍᏗᎢ ᎨᏒᎢ, ᎤᏩᎫᏗᏗᏒ, ᎣᏩᏒ ᎢᎦᏘᎭ ᎢᎬᏁᏗ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎤᎿᎸ ᎠᏍᎦᏯ ᎤᏤᎵ ᎣᏤᎵ ᎠᎾᏓᏅᏖᏍᎬ ᎢᏳᏩᎪᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏐᎢ ᏧᏩᏚᏃᎯ ᎠᏅᏓᏗᏍᏗ ᎦᏟᏐᏗᎩ. ᎪᎯ ᏕᎪᏏᏏ ᎦᏙᏃ ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎤᎭ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎨᎦᏓᏅᏖᏗ ᎠᏓᏅᏍᏗ (ᎭᏫᏂᏗᏢ ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ) ᎠᎴ ᎤᎳᏂᎩᏓ ᏗᎧᏃᏗ ᏗᎦᏁᏟᏴᏍᏗ (ᎠᏰᎵ ᏔᎵ ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ).[12][13]

ᏐᎢ[edit]

ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᏁᏙᎲᎾ ᎦᎵᏓᏍᏛ ᎠᎦᏛᎴᎯᏍᏗ[edit]

ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᏁᏙᎲᎾ ᎦᎵᏓᏍᏛ ᎠᎦᏛᎴᎯᏍᏗ (DAMT) ᎠᎴ ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎭᏢᏃ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏂᏏᏴᏫᎭ ᎢᏰᎵᏍᏗᎢ ᎾᎪᎲᎾ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᏗ ᎠᎵᏖᎸᏗ Ꮎ ᎤᏅᏌ ᎤᎭ ᏭᏪᏙᎢ ᎠᏁᎶᏗᏍᎬ ᎠᎴᏫᏍᏙᏗ (ᎢᏳᏕᏘᏴᏓ ᏱᏓᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ ᎠᎴᏂᏙᎲ ᏓᎾᏛᏁᎵᏍᎬ ᎠᏁᎶᏗᏍᎬ ᏞᏍᏗ ᎤᎲᎢ ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎠᏨᏍᏛᏍᎬ ᎪᏪᎵᏗᎪᏢ ᏗᎪᎦᏍᏗ). ᎢᏳᏍᏗ ᏗᎧᏃᎮᏗ Ꮎ ᎤᎭ ᎠᏰᎲ DAMT ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎤᎭ ᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᎢᎬᏁᎸ awaking ᎬᏙᏗ ᎤᎶᏒᏍᏗ ᎤᎾᏒᎾᏍᏗᏱ ᎤᏍᎦᏅᏨ. ᎢᎦᏛ ᏗᎦᏎᏍᏙᏗ ᎤᎭ ᎤᎾᏓᏎᎮᎸᎩ Ꮎ DAMT ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎤᏙᎯᏳᎯᏯ correlated ᎬᏙᏗ ᎦᏣᏄᎳ ᎠᎴᏫᏍᏗᏍᎬ ᎯᎠ behavior ᎤᏠᏱᎭᎢ ᎠᎨᏔᏗᏍᏗ ᎢᏳᏍᏗ ᏗᎧᏃᎮᏗ ᎦᎪ ᏄᏛᏁᎸ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎤᎦᏙᎲᏒ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ.[14]

ᎢᏰᎵᏍᏗᎢ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ sceptical ᏗᎪᏏᏐᏗ[edit]

ᎾᎯᏳᎢ ᏌᏊ ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎬᏙᏗ-ᎠᏨᏍᏛ ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ, ᏌᏊ ᏫᎵ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎠᏕᎳᎰᎯᏍᏗ ᏌᏊ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎢᏰᎵᏍᏗᎢ. ᎪᎯ ᎤᎭ ᎤᏗᏅᏒᎩ ᏗᏕᎶᏆᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏓᏅᏖᏗ Ꮎ ᏌᏊ ᏰᎵᏇ ᎾᏍᏋ ᎢᏰᎵᏍᏗᎢ ᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᎾᏊ (ᎠᎴ ᎾᎾᎢ ᎠᏂᎦᏲᎵ ᏌᏊ ᏰᎵᏇ't ᎾᏍᏋ ᎤᏙᎯᏳ Ꮎ ᎤᏅᏌ're ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎢᏰᎵᏍᏗᎢ). ᎢᎬᏱ ᎢᎬᏱ ᎦᏰᎯ ᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᏄᏩᏁᎸ ᎾᎥᎢ Descartes ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏁᎵᏒ ᎾᎿ ᎢᎬᏱ ᎤᏬᎳᏨᎯ, ᎯᎠ ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᏗᎪᏏᏐᏗ ᎤᎭ ᏗᏙᎳᎩ ᏌᏊ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎤᏂᎸᏉᏗ sceptical hypotheses.

ᏅᎠᏥᏯᏃᏗ ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ[edit]

ᎧᎵ ᏗᏙᎳᎩ ᏂᎦᏛᎢ Hamilton-Parker, ᎪᏪᎵ Ꭺgoweli gowlisgi ᎢᏰᎵᏍᏗᎢ ᎢᏰᎵᏍᏗᎢ, ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᏴᏫ ᎠᏩᏛᏗ ᎤᏙᎯᏳ ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᏭᎶᏒᏍᏔᏅ ᎤᏦᏍᏗ ᏅᎠᏥᏯᏃᏗ. ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎵᏓᏍᏗ, ᎤᏅᏌ ᎠᏕᎳᎰᎯᏍᏗ ᎤᏅᏌ ᎤᎭ ᎣᏍᏛ awoken ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ, ᎠᎴ ᏝᏰᎵ ᎠᏅᏓᏗᏍᏗ Ꮝ ᏗᏙᎳᎩ ᎣᏍᏛ ᎤᏓᏅᏘ. ᎣᏂ ᏧᏩᎫᏛ ᎤᏅᏌ ᎤᎭ Ꮭ ᎠᎾᏅᏓᏗᏍᎬ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᏄᎵᏍᏔᏅᎩ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ, ᎤᏅᏌ ᎢᏰᎵᏍᏗ Ꮎ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏄᏛᏁᎸ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎤᏙᎯᏳᎯᏯ ᏄᎵᏍᏔᏅ. ᎧᎵ ᏗᏙᎳᎩ Henry ᎤᏓᏂᎳᎯᎨ, ᎪᏪᎵ Ꭺgoweli gowlisgi ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᏅᏬᏘ, ᎤᎵᏍᎨᏓ technique ᎪᏢᎯᏐᏗ ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᏅᎠᏥᏯᏃᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎠᏍᏆᏂᎪᏙᏗ ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᏕᎪᏪᎸ. Stephen LaBerge, ᎪᏪᎵ Ꭺgoweli gowlisgi Exploring ᎯᎠ ᎡᎶᎯ ᎠᏨᏍᏛ ᎢᏰᎵᏍᏗᎢ, ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᎧᏁᎢᏍᏙᏗ Ꮎ ᏂᎯ ᎠᏎ ᎦᎾᎬᎢ ᎠᎧᎵᏬᎯ ᏙᎢ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏄᎵᏍᏛ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏂᎯ ᎤᎭ ᎠᏓᏃᎯᏎᏗ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎿᏛᎦ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎤᎵᏍᎪᎸᏔᏅ ᎤᏂᏃᏝᎩ ᎨᏒ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎦ ᎠᎦᏁᎸ ᏂᎯ ᎣᏓᏅᏛ. ᎾᏍᎩ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎾᎥᏂᎨᏍᏙᏗ ᏧᏣᏔᏊ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎠᏅᏓᏗᏍᏗ ᎤᏣᏘ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᏂᎯ ᎤᎭ ᎣᏍᏛ dreamt ᎠᎴ ᎢᏳᏃ ᏂᎯ ᎤᏓᏂᏝᏅ ᏂᎯ ᎠᎾᏍᎬᏘ ᏄᎵᏍᏛ ᏰᎵᏊ ᎾᏍᏋ ᏰᎵᏆ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᏗ ᏩᏗᏱ ᎤᏍᎦᎶᏨ ᎠᎴ ᏗᎬᎭᎷᏴᎯ ᎢᏧᎳ ᏅᎪᏢᎯᏐᏗᏱ ᎯᎠ ᏂᎦᏛ ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ.

Deja Vu[edit]

ᎾᏍᎩ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᏗᎦᎪᏗ ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎾᎿ ᎢᏴ ᎩᎶ ᎠᏏᏴᏫ ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎬᏩᏚᏫᏛ ᎤᏙᎯᏳ ᏄᏍᏗᏓᏅ ᎠᎴ ᎯᎳᎪ ᎢᏳ Ꮎ ᏄᏍᏗᏓᏅ ᏗᎶᏗ ᎤᏓᎷᎸ Ꮎ ᎠᏏᏴᏫ, ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏍᎦᏯ/ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᎨᏴ ᏅᎠᏥᏯᏃᏗ ᎤᏤᎵ ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ Ꮎ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏍᎦᏯ ᎠᏰᎲ ᎦᏳᎳ ᎤᎦᏙᎲᏒ ᎪᎯ ᎠᏓᏁᎸ ᏄᏍᏗᏓᏅ. ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏯᏛᎿ ᏄᏍᏗᏓᏅ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏏᏴᏫ ᏰᎵᏇ ᎠᏅᏓᏗᏍᏗ Ꮎ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏍᎦᏯ ᎠᏰᎲ ᎠᏰᎲ ᏯᏛᎿ ᎠᎪᏩᏛᏗ ᎢᎬᏱᎨᏍᏙᏗ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎸᏢ. ᎪᎯ, ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎢᏳᏍᏗ ᏯᏛᎿ ᏯᏛᎾ ᎤᏙᎯᏳ, ᎨᏒᎢ ᎾᏍᎩᏯᎢ experiencing ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎣᏂᏯᎨᏍᏙᏗ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏠᏱ ᏄᏍᏗᏓᏅ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎤᏙᎯᏳ ᏄᏍᏛ.

ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎤᎾᏓᏟᏌᏅ[edit]

ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏌᏊ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎴᏂᏍᎬ, "ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎤᎾᏓᏟᏌᏅ" ᎨᏒᎢ ᏂᎦᎵᏍᏔᏂᏙᎲ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏯᏛᎿ ᎤᏓᏎᎦᏤᏗ ᏄᏍᏛ ᏕᎫᎪᏗᏍᎬ, ᎤᏠᏱᎭ ᎠᏛᎩᏍᎬ ᏌᏊ, ᏗᏙᎳᎩ ᎢᎦᏛ ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ, ᏭᎵᏱᎶᎸ ᎾᎯᏳᎢ ᎠᏓᏃᎯᏎᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎿᎸ ᎠᏍᎦᏯ. ᎾᎿᎢ ᎨᏒᎢ ᏗᎦᏃᏣᎵ ᎠᏂᎶᏁᏍᎬ ᎾᎥᎢ Salvador ᏓᎵ Ꮎ ᎢᏯᏓᏛᏁᎸ ᎪᎯ ᎠᏓᏅᏖᏗ, ᎤᏠᏯᏍᏔᏅ "ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎢᎬᏂᏌᏅᎯ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎳᏫᏛᏓ ᏩᏚᎵᏏ ᏴᏩᏚᏫᏛ Pomegranate, ᏌᏊ ᏔᎵᏁ ᎤᏓᎷᎸ ᎠᏓᏃᎯᏎᏗ" (1944). ᎯᎠ ᎠᎴᏂᏍᎬ "ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎤᎾᏓᏟᏌᏅ" ᎨᏒᎢ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᎬᏔᏅᎯ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏅᎠᏯᏍᏗ examining ᎯᎠ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎢᎦᏘ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᏭᎵᏍᎨᏗᏴ ᎢᎦ ᏂᏕᎦᎵᏍᏔᏂᏙᎲ ᏗᏙᎳᎩ ᎢᏧᏓᎴᎩ ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ. ᎾᏞᎬ ᏗᎦᏎᏍᏙᏗ ᎧᏁᎢᏍᏙᏗ Ꮎ ᏂᏕᎦᎵᏍᏔᏂᏙᎲ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎦ ᎾᏞᎬᏊ ᏭᎵᏍᎨᏗᏴ, ᎠᎴ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎬᏩᏚᏫᏛ ᏑᎾᏙᏓᏆᏍᏗ ᎤᏓᎷᎸ, ᎤᎭ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎾᏓᏛᏂᏌᏁᎲ (http://www.asdreams.org/2003/ᎠᏓᏓᎶᏙᏗ/genevieve_alain.htm).

ᎯᎪᏩᏔ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ[edit]

ᏓᏓᏚᎬ ᎪᏪᎵ[edit]

  1. ↑ Griffin, J. (1997). The Origin of Dreams: How and why we evolved to dream. The Therapist Ltd.
  2. ↑ Griffin, J. = Tyrrell, I. (2004). Dreaming Reality: How dreaming keeps us sane or can drive us mad. HG Publishing.
  3. ↑ Jouvet, M. (1978). Does a genetic programming of the brain occur during paradoxical sleep? Cerebral Corrlates of Conscious Experience. Elsevier.
  4. ↑ Griffin,, J. coauthor = Tyrrell, I. (2003). Human Givens: A new approach to emotional health and clear thinking HG Publishing.
  5. ↑ Islam Online.
  6. ↑ [1][2]
  7. ↑ (2006) How Dream Works. Retrieved on 2006-05-04.
  8. ↑ (2006) Brain Basics: Understanding Sleep. Retrieved on 2006-05-04.
  9. ↑ Tarnow, Eugen (2003). How Dreams And Memory May Be Related, 5(2), NEURO-PSYCHOANALYSIS.
  10. ↑ Hobson, J.A.; McCarley, R. (1977). The brain as a dream state generator: An activation-synthesis hypothesis of the dream process, 134, American Journal of Psychiatry, 1335-1348.
  11. ↑ Solms, M. (2000). Dreaming and REM sleep are controlled by different brain mechanisms, 23(6), Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 793-1121.
  12. ↑ Zhang, Jie (2004). Memory process and the function of sleep, 6-6, Journal of Theoretics. Retrieved on 2006-03-13.
  13. ↑ Zhang, Jie (2005). Continual-activation theory of dreaming, Dynamical Psychology. Retrieved on 2006-03-13.
  14. ↑ Hajek P, Belcher M. (1991). Dream of absent-minded transgression: an empirical study of a cognitive withdrawal symptom. Journal of Abnormal Psychology. ᏥᏟᏌ 25 ᎧᎦᎵ, 2006.

ᏫᏓᏎᎸᎢ[edit]

  • ᎡᎯᏍᏛ, F. ᎠᎴ Mitchinson, G. (1983) ᎯᎠ ᎤᏯᎾᏛᏁᏗ ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎦᎸᏗ. ᎤᏁᎳᏅ ᎤᏬᏢᏅ 304, 111-114.
  • Tarnow, E. (2003) ᎯᎳᎪ ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏅᏓᏗᏍᏗ ᎠᎾᏍᎬᏘ ᎾᏍᏋ ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᎠᎾᏓᏛᏂ. Neuro-Psychoanalysis 5(2), 177-182 ᎠᎴ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ [3]

ᎪᏪᎵ[edit]

ᏙᏯᏗᏢ ᏗᏕᎬᏔᏛ[edit]

  • Archive for Research in Archetypal Symbolism ᎪᏪᎸ ᎢᏰᎵᏍᏗᎢ, ᎤᏯᎾᏛᏁᏗ, ᎠᎴ ᏄᏍᏛ ᏗᎧᏃᏗ ᎾᏍᎩᏯᎢ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᏂᎦᏛ ᎦᏬᎯᎸᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎡᎶᎯ ᎠᎴ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᏂᎦᏛ ᏄᎵᏍᏔᏂᏙᎸ ᏴᏫ ᎧᏃᎮᏍᎩ (ᎠᏁᎳ ᎤᎾᏓᏡᎬ ᎧᏁᏨ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᏗ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎤᏙᎯᏳ ᏄᏍᏛ ᏗᎨᎦᏃᏗ)
  • Dreams - the intelligent universe ᎯᎠ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎡᎶᎯ ᎪᎷᏩᏛᏗ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎢᏳᏍᏗ ᏯᏛᎿ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎣᏍᏛ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏂᎩᏍᏗᏍᎬ ᎪᏍᏓᏱ.
  • Dream Interpretation ᏄᏍᏛ ᎧᏃᎮᏗ ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎸᎯᏳᎢ ᎧᏃᎮᏍᎩ, ᏱᏓᏛᎾ ᎤᏙᎯᏳ ᎬᏩᏚᏫᏛ ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ, ᎧᏁᎢᏍᏙᏗ, ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᏅᎠᏥᏯᏃᏗ, ᎠᎴ ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᎪᎷᏩᏛᏗ.
  • Dreams and the Vedanta-sutra (Vedic/Hindu tradition)
  • The Dream Explorer Online resource ᎠᎴ ᎾᎥ ᏄᎾᏓᎸ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎤᎿᎸ ᎠᏍᎦᏯ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏨᏍᏛ ᎤᎿᎸ ᎠᏍᎦᏯ.
  • Dream Moods Dictionary Online ᏗᏕᏠᏆᏍᏙᏗ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎠᏁᎳᏙᏗ ᏗᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ.
  • DreamsTell! ᏗᏕᏠᏆᏍᏙᏗ 'ᎯᎸᎯᏳᎢ' ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ ᏗᎬᏟᎶᏍᏙᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎪᎷᏩᏛᏗ
  • Dream Interpretation ᎠᏍᎩᏘᏍᏗ sharing ᎠᎴ ᎧᏃᎮᎸᏗ resource
  • Real Meaning of Dreams
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