ᏧᎵᏍᏓᎾᎵ
ᏧᎵᏍᏓᎾᎵ (ᎠᏓᏅᏍᏗ Siluriformes) ᎠᎴ ᏧᏓᎴᎿᎢ ᎤᎾᏓᏟᏌᎲ ᎠᏣᏗ. ᏓᎪᎥᎩ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᏧᏓᏃᏣᎵ "barbel", ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎠᏓᏁᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎾᏍᎩᏯᎢ ᏪᏌ-ᎾᏍᎩᏯᎢ ᎠᎭᏄᎸᏒ, ᎤᏅᏌ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏩᏛᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎢᎬᏱᏗᏢ freshwater ᏄᏍᏗᏓᏅ ᏂᎦᏛ ᏧᏓᎴᏅᏓ, ᎬᏙᏗ ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᏗᏂᏱᎴᎩ ᎾᎿ ᏂᎦᎥᎢ ᎡᏆ ᎦᏙᎯ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᏩᏒ Antarctica. ᎢᎦᏛ ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᏗᏂᏱᎴᎩ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎯᎠ ᎯᎸᏍᎩ ᎢᏯᏓᏁᎸ Ariidae ᎠᎴ Plotosidae ᎠᎴ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᎠᏩᏛᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᏜ ᏄᏍᏗᏓᏅ. ᎤᏅᏌ ᏄᏍᏛ ᏗᎧᏃᏗ ᎢᎦᏛ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏂᎦᏲᎵ ᎤᎾᏅᏛ vertebrates, ᎠᏠᏯᏍᏗᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ candiru, ᎯᎠ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᏩᏒ vertebrate ᎠᏥᎾᏝᎢ ᏗᎦᏘᎸᏍᏗ ᎠᏂᏴᏫ, ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎠᏔᎴᏒ ᎠᎹᏱ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ Pangasius gigas, ᎯᎠ ᎤᏔᏂᎢᏍᏗ ᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᎢᎬᏁᎸ freshwater ᎠᏣᏗ. ᎾᎿᎢ ᎠᎴ armour ᎦᎶᏄᎮᏛ ᎢᏗᎦᎪᏘ ᎠᎴ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᎤᏰᎸᎭ ᎢᏗᎦᎪᏘ, ᎠᎴ ᎤᏅᏌ ᎿᏛᎦ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎤᎭ ᏄᏓᎨᏒ. ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᏂᎦᏛ ᏧᎵᏍᏓᎾᎵ ᎯᎸᏍᎩ ᎢᏯᏓᏁᎸ ᎤᎭ barbels; ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎧᏁᎢᏍᏔᏅᎯ ᎠᏣᏗ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎠᎴᏂᏙᎲ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ Siluriformes ᎠᏓᏅᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎤᏙᎯᏳ ᏄᏍᏛ ᏗᎨᎦᏃᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎣᏓᏅᏛ ᎠᎴ swimbladder.
ᏧᎵᏍᏓᎾᎵ ᎠᏓᏣᎸᏗ superorder ᎤᏯᏅᎲ ᎯᎠ Ostariophysi, ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᎠᏠᏯᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ Cypriniformes, Characiformes, ᎠᎴ Gymnotiformes (ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᏁᎳᎩ ᎢᎦᏛ ᎾᎿᎢ Gymnotiformes ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎠᏂᎦᏲᎵ-ᎠᏓᏅᏍᏗ Siluriformes). ᏥᏄᏍᏗ 2005 ᎾᎿᎢ ᎠᎴ 37 ᏧᎵᏍᏓᎾᎵ ᎯᎸᏍᎩ ᎢᏯᏓᏁᎸ, ᎠᎴ yvwatuwidv 2000 ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᏗᏂᏱᎴᎩ ᎤᎭ ᏭᏪᏙᎢ ᏄᏍᏛ ᎧᏃᎮᎸ, ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᏁᎳᎩ ᎪᎯ ᏎᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏂᎪᎯᎸ ᎤᏍᏉᎳᏗᏍᎬ ᎤᏍᏆᎸᎲ ᏍᎪᏯ ᏗᏃᎷᏩᏘᏍᎩ ᏗᎦᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏓᏅᏍᏗ.
ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏕᎭᎷᏱ, 2005, researchers ᏓᎪᎥᎩ ᎯᎠ 37th ᏏᏓᏁᎸᎯ ᏧᎵᏍᏓᎾᎵ, Lacantuniidae, ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᏩᏒ ᎯᎠ ᏦᎢᏁ ᎢᏤ ᏏᏓᏁᎸᎯ ᎠᏣᏗ ᎠᏥᎸᏉᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎣᏂ 70 ᏧᏕᏘᏴᏓ (ᎠᏂᏐᎢ ᎠᎴᏂᏙᎲ ᎯᎠ coelacanth ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ 1938 ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ megamouth ᎠᏯᏍᏔ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ 1983). ᎯᎠ ᎢᏤ ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᏗᏂᏱᎴᎩ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ Lacantuniidae, Lacantunia enigmatica, ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎠᏩᏛᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ Lacantun ᎤᏪᏴ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ Chiapas, ᎠᏂᏍᏆᏂᎢ.
ᏧᎵᏍᏓᎾᎵ ᎤᎭ Ꮭ ᏗᎦᏛᏗ. ᏂᎦᏛ ᏧᎵᏍᏓᎾᎵ, ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᏩᏒ ᎠᏁᎳ Malapteruridae (ᎠᎾᎦᎵᏍᎩ ᏧᎵᏍᏓᎾᎵ), ᏄᏩᎿᏅ ᎤᎳᏂᎩᏓ, ᎤᏒᏙᏂ, bonified ᏓᏓᏘᏂᏒ ᎠᏨᏍᏛ ᎾᎿ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᎣᏂᏗᏢ ᎠᎴ pectoral ᎠᏂᎩᏍᏗ ᏥᏳ, ᏗᎬᏩᎶᏒ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᏄᏍᏛ ᎠᎩᏍᏗ ᏤᎵ ᏰᎵᏇ ᎾᏍᏋ ᏩᏅᎯ ᎢᏳᏃ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏣᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ irritated. ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᏁᎳ ᎯᎠ ᏏᏓᏁᎸᎯ Plotosidae, ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᏗᏂᏱᎴᎩ Heteropneustes, ᎪᎯ ᏤᎵ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎢᎬᏂᏏᏍᎩ ᎤᎳᏂᎩᏓ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᎾᏍᎬᏘ hospitalize ᎠᏂᏴᏫ ᎡᏍᎦ ᎢᏳᎵᏍᏓᏁᎯ ᏰᎵᏊ ᎠᎩᏍᏗ ᎠᏓᏨᏯᏍᎩ.
ᏧᎵᏍᏓᎾᎵ ᎠᏍᏓᏅᏅ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏂᎬᎢ ᎠᎴ ᎾᏛᏁᎲᎢ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎯᎠ heaviest, ᎯᎠ ᏂᎬᎢ Mekong ᏧᎵᏍᏓᎾᎵ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎤᎦᎾᏭ ᎧᎸᎬ Asia ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏅᎯᎢᏍᏗ wels ᏧᎵᏍᏓᎾᎵ Eurasia, detritivores (ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᏗᏂᏱᎴᎩ Ꮎ ᎠᎩᏍᏗ ᎤᏲᎱᏒ ᏭᏚᎸᏛ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ ᎭᏫᏂ), ᎠᎴ ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎠᎩᏍᎬᎢ ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᏗᏂᏱᎴᎩ ᏱᏓᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ ᎤᏯᏅᎲ ᎯᎠ candiru (Vandellia cirrhosa).
ᎯᎠ wels ᏧᎵᏍᏓᎾᎵ (Silurus glanis) ᎨᏒᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᏩᏒ ᎾᏰᎯᏯ ᏧᎵᏍᏓᎾᎵ ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᏗᏂᏱᎴᎩ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ Europe, ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᏗᎨᏒᎾ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏣᏘ ᎠᏂᎦᏲᎵ ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᎠᎾᏓᏛᏂ Aristotle ᏧᎵᏍᏓᎾᎵ ᎠᏩᏛᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ Greece. ᎤᏁᎳᏅᎯ ᎠᎴ ᎪᏪᎸ ᏄᏍᏗᏓᏅ ᎪᏪᎸ wels ᏧᎵᏍᏓᎾᎵ ᎠᏍᏆᏂᎪᎯᏍᏗ ᎤᏜᏅᏛ, ᎩᎳ ᎾᏍᏋ scientifically ᎪᎯᏳᏔᏅ. ᎯᎠ ᎢᎦᏘᎭ ᎢᎬᏁᎸ ᏂᎬᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᏗᏂᏱᎴᎩ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎬᏩᏚᏫᏛ 1.2 m - 1.6 m, ᎠᎴ ᎠᏣᏗ ᎤᏟ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎬᎾᏬᏍᎬ 2 m ᎠᎴ ᎤᏙᎯᏳ ᎢᏳᏓᎵᎭ. ᎯᎠ ᎤᏔᏂᎢᏍᏗ digotsaledg digovhi ᎾᎿ ᎪᏪᎸ ᎠᏟᎶᏍᏗ ᎤᏟ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎬᎾᏬᏍᎬ 2.5 m ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏂᎦᏅᎯᏒ ᎠᎴ ᏱᏓᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ exeeded 100 kg. ᎯᎠ wels ᏧᎵᏍᏓᎾᎵ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᏄᏩᏁᎸ Britain, Italy, Spain, Greece ᎠᎴ ᎢᎦᏛ ᏐᎢ ᎠᏰᎵ ᏚᎾᏙᏢᏩᏗᏒ ᎾᎯᏳᎨᏒ ᎯᎠ ᎣᏂ sqohitsuqui tsudetiyvdi. ᎯᎠ ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᏗᏂᏱᎴᎩ ᎤᎭ flourished ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎦᎾᏩ ᎥᏓᎵ ᎠᎴ ᎤᏪᏴ ᎤᎦᎾᏭ ᎢᏗᏢ Europe. ᎯᎠ ᎤᏪᏴ Po ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ Italy ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏪᏴ Ebro ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ Spain ᎠᎴ ᏗᎦᏃᏣᎵ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ wels ᏧᎵᏍᏓᎾᎵ, ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎠᏛᏍᎬ ᎦᎸᎳᏗᏢ 2 m. ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏗᎦᎶᎪᏗ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎨᏒ ᎡᎵᏉ ᎠᎵᏍᏓᏴᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎦᎷᎶᎩ ᏂᎬᏩᏍᏛ predators.
ᏧᎵᏍᏓᎾᎵ, ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎤᎭ ᎤᎦᎾᏍᏛ, ᏩᏂᎦᎳ ᎤᏇᏓᎵ, ᎠᎴ ᎤᎵᏍᎨᏛ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎠᎵᏍᏓᏴᏗ ᎠᏣᏗ ᏂᎦᏅᎯᏒ ᎯᎠ ᎡᎶᎯ. ᏱᏂᎬᏛᎾ, ᎯᎠ ᎠᎦᎸᏥ, ᎠᏓᏥ, ᎠᎴ Spanish ᎠᎵᏍᏓᏴᏗ ᎿᏛᎦ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᏚᏂᏴ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏣᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎦᎸᎳᏗ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎣᏏ ᎠᏰᎸᏗ, ᎠᎴ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᏗᎦᏣᏄᎶ ᎤᎾᏣ ᎤᏲᏨᎯ. Ictalurids ᎠᎴ ᏄᏍᏛ ᎠᎩᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎤᏴᏢ ᎠᎺᎵᎨ (ᎾᏍᎩ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏍᏛᎩ ᎤᎦᎾᏭ ᎬᏙᏗ Mississippi ᎠᎴᏂᏙᎲ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏔᏂᎢᏍᏗ ᏄᏍᏛ ᎤᏪᏅᏒ ᏧᎵᏍᏓᎾᎵ ᏂᎬᏂᏏᏍᎬ)[1], ᎠᎴ ᏗᏂᎳᏫᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᏗᏂᏱᎴᎩ Ictalurus ᎤᎭ ᏭᏪᏙᎢ ᎤᎧᏁᎳ ᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᏄᏩᏁᎸ ᎾᎾᎯ European ᎠᎹᏱ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏚᎩ ᎬᏗ ᎣᏤᎵ ᎾᎬᏁᎲ ᎠᏓᎯᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎠᎵᏍᏓᏴᏗ resource, ᏱᏂᎬᏛᎾ, ᎯᎠ European ᎤᏂᎲ ᏧᎬᏩᎶᏗ ᏴᏩᏁᎬ catfishes ᎤᎭ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ achieved ᎯᎠ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ fishes ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᎾᏰᎯᏯ ᎠᎹᏱ, ᎠᎴ ᎤᎭ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᏩᏒ ᎤᏁᏉᏨᎯ ᎯᎠ ecological ᎤᎳᏂᎬᎬ ᎾᎿ ᎾᏰᎯᏯ European gantlai, ᎾᎯᏳᎢ Clariids ᎠᎴ Pangasiids ᎠᎴ ᏧᏓᏗᎩᏓ cultured ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ Africa ᎠᎴ Asia. ᎾᎿᎢ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᎡᏆ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏛᏏᏒ ᎤᏬᏚ ᎠᏣᏗ ᏗᏓᏁᏟᏴᎡᏗ, ᎬᏙᏗ ᎢᏯᏍᎪᎯᏧᏈ ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᏗᏂᏱᎴᎩ ᏧᎵᏍᏓᎾᎵ, ᎾᏍᎩ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᏗᏂᏱᎴᎩ Corydoras, ᎠᎴᏂᏙᎲ ᎤᏂᎸᏉᏗ ᏑᏓᎴᎩ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ aquaria.
ᎤᏙᎯᏳ ᎡᏆ wels ᏧᎵᏍᏓᎾᎵ (Silurus glanis) ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎦᏂᏴᏛ ᎾᎥᎢ Kevin Maddocks ᎾᎿ ᎦᎶᏂ 6, 1999, ᎪᏪᎳᏅᎯ ᎾᎾᎢ 202 ᎢᏧᏓᎨᏓ (91.62 kg). Tim Pruitt Illinois ᎦᏂᏴᏛ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏔᏂᎢᏍᏗ ᏌᎪᏂᎨ ᏧᎵᏍᏓᎾᎵ (Ictalurus furcatus) ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ Mississippi ᎤᏪᏴ ᎾᎿ ᎠᎾᏍᎬᏘ 22, 2005 Ꮎ ᎤᏔᏅᎩ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎾᎾᎢ 124 ᎢᏧᏓᎨᏓ (56.25 kg). ᎯᎠ ᎤᏔᏂᎢᏍᏗ flathead ᏧᎵᏍᏓᎾᎵ (Pylodictis olivaris) ᎢᏳᏊ ᎦᏂᏴᏛ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎬᏙᏗ, Kansas, ᎦᏛᏍᎬᎢ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎾᎾᎢ 123 ᎢᏧᏓᎨᏓ 9 ᏄᏓᎨᏒ (56 kg). ᏱᏂᎬᏛᎾ, ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎪᏪᎸ ᎤᏔᏂᏗ ᎦᏙᎯ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎤᏠᏱ ᎾᎬᏁᎲ ᏂᎬᎢ Mekong ᏧᎵᏍᏓᎾᎵ ᎦᏂᏴᏛ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎤᏴᏢ ᎢᏗᏢ Thailand ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᎾᏍᎬᏘ 1, 2005 ᎠᎴ ᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᎢᎬᏁᎸ ᎯᎠ ᏗᏂᎴᏱᏗᏍᎩ ᎾᎥᏂᎨᏍᏗ 2 ᎢᏯᏅᏓ ᎣᏂᏯᎨᏍᏙᏗ, Ꮎ ᎤᏔᏅᎩ 646 ᎢᏧᏓᎨᏓ (293 kg). ᎪᎯ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏔᏂᎢᏍᏗ ᏂᎬᎢ Mekong ᏧᎵᏍᏓᎾᎵ ᎦᏂᏴᏛ, ᎠᎴ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᏩᏒ ᎣᏂ ᏧᏩᎫᏛ Thai ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᎾᏒᎧᎵ ᎤᏂᎩᏍᏔᏅ ᎤᏍᏆᏂᎪᏛ ᎪᏪᎸ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ 1981 [2]. ᎯᎠ ᏂᎬᎢ Mekong ᏧᎵᏍᏓᎾᎵ ᎠᎴ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎠᏔᎴᏒ ᎠᎹᏱ ᎤᎦᏎᏍᏔᏅᎩ ᎣᏂ ᏧᏩᎫᏛ ᎤᏅᏌ ᎠᎴᏂᏓᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᏙᎷᏩᏘᏍᎬ ᎠᏰᎵ ᏚᎾᏙᏢᏩᏗᏒ ᎠᎴ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎾᎥᏂᎨᏍᏙᏗ ᏰᎵᏊ Ꮎ ᎤᏅᏌ ᏰᎵᏇ ᎠᏛᏍᎬ ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᎡᏆᎯᎨᏍᏙᏗ.
ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏫᏒᏗ ᎧᏃᎮᎭ, ᏕᎭᎷᏱ 25 ᎨᏒᎢ ᎬᎾᏕᎾ ᏧᎵᏍᏓᎾᎵ ᎢᎦ.
- ᎴᎬᎾᎻ: Animalia
- ᏆᎢᎳᎻ: Chordata
- ᏗᎦᎪᏗ: Actinopterygii
- ᎣᎸᏙ: Siluriformes
ᏐᎢ ᏧᎵᏍᏓᎾᎵ ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᏗᏂᏱᎴᎩ ᎠᏠᏯᏍᏛ[edit]
ᏫᏓᏎᎸᎢ[edit]
- ↑ Template:Cite paper
- ↑ Grizzly Bear-Size Catfish Caught in Thailand. National Geographic News. ᏥᏟᏌ 2006-07-14.
