ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ

?ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ

Scientific classification

ᎴᎬᎾᎻ:	ᎦᎪᏘae
Division:	Magnoliophyta
ᏗᎦᎪᏗ:	Magnoliopsida
ᎣᎸᏙ:	Rosales
ᏥᏓᎾᎷ:	Rosaceae
Subfamily:	Rosoideae
ᎨᏄᏍ:	Rosa L.

Species

Between 100 and 150, ᎠᎪᏩᏛᏗ ᏙᎪᏩᎸ

ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎠᏛᎯᏍᏙᏗ ᎦᎪᏘ ᎯᎠ ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᏗᏂᏱᎴᎩ Rosa, ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏥᎸᏍᎩ ᎪᎯ ᎦᎪᏘ. ᎾᎿᎢ ᎠᎴ ᎤᏟ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎬᎾᏬᏍᎬ ᏍᎪᎯᏧᏈ ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᏗᏂᏱᎴᎩ ᎨᏯᏔᎯ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ, ᏂᎦᏛ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎯᎠ ᏧᏴᏢ ᎠᏰᏟ ᎠᎴ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎡᎷᏪᎢ ᎤᏔᏂᏗ ᎦᏙᎯ. ᎯᎠ ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᏗᏂᏱᎴᎩ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎤᎾᏓᏟᏌᎲ ᏂᎦᎥᏊ ᏓᏍᏘᏳᏍᏘ ᎦᎪᏘ ᎠᎴ ᎫᎴᎦ, ᎠᎴ ᏱᏓᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ ᎦᎳᏄᏂ ᏗᎦᎪᎯᏗ, ᎠᎾᏙᏯᏅᎯᏗᏍᎬ 2–5 m ᎢᏅ ᎢᎦᏘ, ᎢᏅᎯ ᎢᏳᏓᎵ ᎠᎾᏙᏯᏅᎯᏗᏍᎬ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎦᎸᎳᏗ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ 20 m ᎾᎥᎢ ᏥᎵᎱ ᎦᏬᎯᎸᏙᏗ ᏐᎢ ᏗᎦᎪᎯᏗ.

ᎯᎠ ᏚᏙᎥ ᎠᎴᏅᏙᏗ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎳᏗᎾ rosa, ᎤᏙᎳᏒ ᏗᎬᏩᎶᏒ Oscan ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎢᏳᏕᏘᏴᏓ ᎠᏂᎪᎢ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎤᎦᎾᏭ ᎢᏗᏢ ᎢᏔᎵ rhodion (Aeolic wrodion), ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ Aramaic wurrdā, ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ Assyrian wurtinnu, ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎠᎦᏴᎵ Iranian warda (cf. Avestan warda, Sogdian ᎠᏥᎦᏘᏯ, Parthian wâr).

ᎯᎠ ᏧᎦᎶᎦ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᏗᏂᏱᎴᎩ ᎠᎴ 5–15 cm ᎦᏅᎯᏓ, pinnate, ᎬᏙᏗ (3–) 5–9 (–13) ᎢᎦᏛ ᎠᎴ basal stipules; ᎯᎠ ᎢᎦᏛ ᎤᏠᏱᎭ ᎤᎭ ᏓᏍᏓᏅᏅ ᏚᎷᏨ ᏧᎬᏩᎶᏗᎢ, ᎠᎴ ᎢᏳᏓᎵᎭ ᎦᏲᎵ ᎤᏍᏗ ᏧᏣᏲᏍᏗ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ underside ᎯᎠ ᎤᏩᏂᎦᎸ. ᎯᎠ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎤᏂᎪᏗᏗ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏓᏁᎳᏅᎯ, ᎠᎴ ᎦᏲᎵ (ᎾᏍᎩᎾ ᎨᏒ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎤᎦᎾᏭ ᎧᎸᎬ Asia) ᎠᎴ ᎦᏌᏆᎸ ᎠᎴ ᎾᎥᏂᎨᏍᏗ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎢᎬᏂᏏᏍᎩ.

ᎯᎠ ᎠᏥᎸᏍᎩ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᏗᏂᏱᎴᎩ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎤᎭ ᎯᏍᎩ petals (ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏓᎦᏘᎴᎬ Rosa sericea ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎢᏳᏓᎵᎭ ᎤᎭ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᏩᏒ ᏅᎩ), ᎤᏠᏱᎭ ᎤᏁᎬ ᎠᎴ ᎩᎦᎨ ᎢᏳᏍᏗ, ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎦᏲᎵ ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᏗᏂᏱᎴᎩ ᏓᎶᏂᎨ ᎠᎴ ᎩᎦᎨ. ᎯᎠ ᎤᎾᏙᏢᎯ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎡᎳᏗᏢ ᎦᏙᎩ, ᎠᏙᎷᏩᏘᏍᎬ ᎡᎳᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ petals ᎠᎴ sepals.

Rosa canina ᎠᎧᏍᎨᏂ

ᎯᎠ ᎦᏟᏐᏗ ᎤᏓᏔᏅ ᎠᎩᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎤᏓᏔᏅᎯ-ᎾᏍᎩᏯᎢ ᎠᏛᎯᏍᏙᏗ ᎤᏯᏅᎲ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎠᎧᏍᎨᏂ. ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᏗᏂᏱᎴᎩ Ꮎ ᎠᏛᎯᏍᏙᏗ ᎠᏍᏚᎢᏛ-ᎠᏤᎯᏐᏗᏱ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎤᎵᎶᎯ pollinating ᏩᏚᎵᏏ ᎠᎴ ᏐᎢ ᏨᏍᎪᏱ, ᎯᎠ ᎢᏴ ᎤᏟ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎥᏝ ᎤᏓᎷᎳ ᎠᏛᎯᏍᏙᏗ ᎠᎧᏍᎨᏂ. ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏄᏍᏛ ᎤᏪᏅᏒ cultivars ᎠᎴ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎢᎬᏂᏏᏍᎩ ᎠᏍᏓᏯ petaled Ꮎ ᎤᏅᏌ ᎿᏛᎦ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎠᏓᏁᎳᏁᏗ ᎦᎷᎯᏍᏗ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ pollination. ᎯᎠ ᎠᎧᏍᎨᏂ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᏗᏂᏱᎴᎩ ᎠᎴ ᎩᎦᎨ, ᎠᎴ ᎦᏲᎵ (e.g. Rosa pimpinellifolia) ᎤᎭ ᎤᎳᏏᎩ ᎩᎨᏍᏗ ᎬᎿᎨ ᎠᎧᏍᎨᏂ. ᎠᏂᏏᏴᏫᎭ ᎠᎧᏍᎨᏂ ᎪᎯᏳᏙᏗ outer ᏂᎬᎢ ᏫᏚᏳᎪᏛ, ᎯᎠ hypanthium, ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎨᏐ 5–160 "ᎤᎦᏔ" (ᎤᏦᏍᏗ ᏂᎬᎿᏅ ᎤᎧᏲᏗ ᏏᏴᏫ-seeded ᎤᏓᏔᏅ ᎠᎩᏍᏗ ᎤᏯᏅᎲ achene) embedded ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᎴᏅᏗᏍᎬ ᎣᏌᏂ, ᎠᎴ ᎦᏁᏔᏯ, ᎤᏍᏗᏰᎬ. ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎠᎧᏍᎨᏂ ᎢᎦᏛ ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᏗᏂᏱᎴᎩ, ᎾᏍᎩ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎩᏟ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ (Rosa canina) ᎠᎴ Rugosa ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ (Rosa rugosa), ᎠᎴ ᎤᏙᎯᏳ ᎤᏪᎾᎢ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ vitamin C, ᏄᎾᏛᏅ ᎯᎠ richest ᏙᏧᏓᎴᏅ ᏂᎦᎵᏍᏗᏍᎬᎫ ᎦᎪᏘ. ᎯᎠ ᎠᎧᏍᎨᏂ ᎠᎴ ᎦᎳᏅᎯ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎤᏓᏔᏅ ᎠᎩᏍᏗ-ᎠᎵᏍᏓᏴᎲᏍᎬ ᏥᏍᏆ ᏯᏛᎿ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ thrushes ᎠᎴ waxwing, ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎾᎯᏳᎢ ᎧᏁᏉᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎦᏔ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᎤᏪᏴ. ᎢᎦᏛ ᎯᎸᏍᎩ ᏥᏍᏆ, ᎾᏍᎩᎾ ᎨᏒ finches, ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᎠᎩᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎦᏔ.

ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎤᎭ ᏧᏣᏲᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎪᏍᏓᏱ. ᎯᎠ ᏧᏣᏲᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎵᏓᏍᏗ ᏓᏍᏓᏅᏅ ᏚᎷᏨ-ᏓᏍᏓᏅᏅ ᏚᎷᏨ ᏑᏗ, ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎠᏓᏍᏕᎸᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎦᏛᎢ onto ᏐᎢ ᎢᏴ ᎠᏂᏙᎾᎥ ᎯᎳᎪ ᎢᏳ ᎠᏛᏏᏒ ᎦᏬᎯᎸᏙᏗ ᎾᏍᎩ. ᎢᎦᏛ ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᏗᏂᏱᎴᎩ ᏯᏛᎿ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ Rosa rugosa ᎠᎴ R. pimpinellifolia ᎾᏍᎩᏍᎩᏂ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎤᎭ ᎠᏫᏒᏗ ᎦᏇᏅᏅᎯ ᎦᏥᏃᏍᏛ ᎪᏍᏓᏱ, ᏄᏓᎷᎸᎾ adaptation ᎠᎦᏲᎳᏅ browsing ᎾᎥᎢ ᎡᎿᎢ ᎡᎥ, ᎠᎴ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᏰᎵᏊ ᏱᎩ adaptation ᏌᏛᏗ ᎦᏃᎸᎥᏍᎬ-ᎤᏃᎸᏔᏅ ᎾᏳ ᎠᎴ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎢᎬᏂᏏᏍᎩ ᎠᎦᏲᎳᏅ ᎠᏲᎶᎬ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏓᏍᏕᎸᏗ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᎤᎾᏍᏕᏢ (ᎢᏧᎳ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏔᎵ ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᏗᏂᏱᎴᎩ ᎠᏛᏍᎬ ᎢᎬᏩᏍᏗᎭ ᎾᎿ ᎠᎹᏳᎸᏗ ᎦᎾᏄᎪᏫᏒ ᎾᏳ ᏂᎦᏛᎢ). ᎦᎾᏆᏘᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎡᏙᎲᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏧᏣᏲᏍᏗ, ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎢᏳᏓᎵᎭ browsed ᎾᎥᎢ ᎠᏫ. ᎦᏲᎵ ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᏗᏂᏱᎴᎩ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᏩᏒ ᎤᎭ ᎢᎦᎢ ᏧᏣᏲᏍᏗ Ꮎ ᎤᎭ Ꮭ ᏗᎪᏍᏓᏱ.

ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᏗᏂᏱᎴᎩ[edit]

Rosa multiflora

ᏙᎪᏩᎸ Rosa ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᏗᏂᏱᎴᎩ

ᎢᎦᏛ ᏗᎦᎳᏫᎩ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᏗᏂᏱᎴᎩ

Rosa canina - ᎩᏟ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ, ᎧᏄᎦᎵ ᎤᏩᎢᏢᎢ
Rosa dumalis - ᎢᏤ ᎢᏳᏍᏗ ᎩᏟ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ
Rosa eglanteria (syn. R. rubiginosa) - Eglantine, ᎤᎦᎾᏍᏛ ᎪᏍᏓᏱ
Rosa gallica - Gallic ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ, ᎠᎦᎸᏥ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ
Rosa gigantea (syn. R. x odorata gigantea)
Rosa glauca (syn. R. rubrifolia) - Redleaf ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ
Rosa laevigata (syn. R. sinica) - ᏣᎳᎩ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ, Camellia ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ, Mardan ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ
Rosa multiflora - Multiflora ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ
Rosa persica (syn. Hulthemia persica, R. simplicifolia)
Rosa roxburghii - ᎤᎾᎩᎾ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ, ᎤᏂᏍᏗᎸᎢᏍᏗ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ
Rosa rugosa - Rugosa ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ, ᏣᏩᏂᏏ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ
Rosa stellata - ᎠᏯᎶᎢᏍᎩ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ, Sacramento ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ
Rosa virginiana (syn. R. lucida) - ᏩᏥᏂ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ

ᎥᏳᎩ[edit]

ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎢᏳᏍᏗ ᎧᏃᎮᏗ ᎯᎸᏍᎩ ᎥᏳᎩ. ᎯᎠ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎤᏢᏲᎵᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᏧᏓᏗᎩᏓ (Phragmidium mucronatum), ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᏗᏂᏱᎴᎩ ᏧᏓᏗᎩᏓ ᏂᎯ, ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᏰᎵᏇ defoliate ᎯᎠ ᎦᎪᏘ. ᎤᏟ ᎢᎦᎢ ᏧᏣᏔᏊ, ᎤᏁᎳᎩ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏊ ᎦᏲᎵᎨ debilitating, ᎠᎴ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎬᎿᎨ ᎤᏓᏓᎸ, ᎢᎬᏂᏌᏅᎯ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏂᎯ Diplocarpon rosae, ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᏗᎪᏢᏅ ᎬᏩᏚᏫᏛ ᎬᎿᎨ ᎪᏢᏒᎢ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ ᏧᎦᎶᎦ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎪᎨᏱ, ᎠᎴ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎦᎳᏅᎯ, ᎢᎬᏂᏌᏅᎯ ᎾᎥᎢ Sphaerotheca pannosa. ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᎬᏔᏅᎯ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎠᎵᏍᏓᏴᏗ ᏗᎦᎪᎯᏗ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏂᏲᎵ ᎢᎦᏛ Lepidoptera ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᏗᏂᏱᎴᎩ; ᎠᎪᏩᏛᏗ ᏙᎪᏩᎸ Lepidoptera ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎨᎳᏍᏙᏗ ᎾᎿ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ.

ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ fungal ᎥᏳᎩ ᎠᎴ ᎣᎯᏍᏗ ᎤᏍᏆᏂᎪᏗ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎠᏅᏬᏗ ᎢᎦᏛ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᏗ ᎤᏟ ᎬᏰᎸᏗ ᎬᎾᏬᏍᎬ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎠᏁᎶᏗᏍᎬ ᎠᏅᏬᏗ ᎥᏳᎩ ᎤᎶᏐᏅ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎬᎪᏩᏛᏗ.

ᏗᎦᎶᎪᏗ[edit]

R. ᎦᏚ ᎠᏄᏬᏍᏗ 'ᏴᎩ-plena'

Rosa ᎦᏚ ᎠᏄᏬᏍᏗ 'ᏗᏤᎯ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎤᏤᎵ ᎠᏕᎰᎯᏍᏗ'

ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ 'Zépherine Drouhin'

'Cajun ᎧᎸᎬ', ᎪᎯᏊ ᎢᏴ ᏥᎩ ᏧᏠᎯᏍᏗ ᎤᎦᎶᎬ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ

'Borussia', ᎪᎯᏊ ᎢᏴ ᏥᎩ Floribunda ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ

ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᏌᏊ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎤᏂᎸᏉᏗ ᎠᏫᏒᏅ ᎦᎪᏘ ᎠᎴ ᎠᎴ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᏄᎾᏛᏅ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᏧᏣᏔᏊ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎦᎾᏗᏅᏓ ᎾᎥᎢ ᏗᎦᎶᎪᏗ. ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎡᏆ ᎠᎳᏏᏅᏙᏗ ᏭᎵᏍᎨᏗᏴ ᎢᏧᎳ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏠᎨᏏ ᎠᏫᏒ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᏗᎦᎶᎪᏗ' ᎬᏙᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᎵᏍᏚᏟᏍᏗ.

ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎯᎸᏍᎩ ᎢᏯᎦᏴᎵ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᏧᏠᎯᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ cultivar ᎤᎭ ᏭᏪᏙᎢ ᏗᏓᏓᏂᎸᏣᏘ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏑᏰᏛ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎠᏫᏒᏅ ᎬᏙᏗ, ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᏔᎵ ᎢᏳᏩᎫᏘ-flowered ᎬᏙᏗ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎠᎴ ᏂᎦᏛ ᎯᎠ stamenmutated ᎾᎾᎯ ᏗᎦᏟᏌᏅᎯ petal. ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎦᏅᎯᏓ ᎢᏳ ᏥᎨᏒ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ 1840 ᎤᏓᏂᏝᏅ ᎠᏓᏃᎮᏗ ᎦᏬᎯᎸᏙᏗ ᏌᏊ ᎠᎦᏴᎵ ᏄᏓᎴᎿᎥ cultivars, varieties ᎠᎴ ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᏗᏂᏱᎴᎩ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᏰᎵᏊ ᎯᎳᎪ ᎢᏳ rosarium ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎦᎧᏅ ᎾᎥᎢ Loddiges ᎠᏛᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ Abney ᎠᏣᏪᏐᎸᏍᏙᏗ ᏗᏓᏂᏐᏗ, ᎢᎬᏱ Victorian ᎠᏫᏒᏅ ᏗᏓᏂᏐᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎦᎪᏘ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎩᎵᏏᎯ. ᏔᎵᏍᎪᎯᏁ-ᏍᏉᎯᏧᏈ ᏧᏕᏘᏴᏗ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᏗᏄᏍᎩ ᏂᎦᎥᏊ emphasized ᏂᎬᎢ ᎠᎴ ᏗᎧᏃᏗ, ᎠᏛᎯᏍᏗᏍᎬ ᎡᏆ, ᎤᎵᎶᎯ ᎤᏥᎸᏒ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ Ꮭ ᎦᏩᏒᎬ. ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎨᏯᏔᎯ ᎠᎴ "ᎠᎦᏴᎵ-ᎠᏛᏍᎩ" ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ, ᎾᎥᎢ ᏧᏓᎴᎾᎢ, ᎤᎭ ᎤᎳᏂᎩᏓ ᎤᎦᎾᏍᏛ ᎦᏩᏒᎬ.

ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎣᏍᏛ ᎢᏳᏅᏁᎯ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎡᎷᏪᎢ ᏄᏍᏛ ᎤᏴᎸ ᎠᎴ ᎤᎦᎾᏮ, ᎤᏁᎳᎩ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏊ ᎤᏙᎯᏳ ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᏗᏂᏱᎴᎩ ᎠᎴ cultivars ᏰᎵᏇ ᏧᏩᏚᏃᎯ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᏂᎦᏲᎵ-ᎤᎦᎾᏭ ᎠᎴ ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᎤᎦᎾᏭ ᏄᏍᏛ ᎤᏴᎸ ᎠᎴ ᎤᎦᎾᏮ, ᎾᏍᎩ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎯᎳᎪ ᎢᏳ grafted onto ᏗᏙᎳᎩ ᎤᎾᏍᏕᏢ-ᎤᏂᎲ ᏧᎬᏩᎶᏗ.

ᎾᎿᎢ ᎨᏒᎢ Ꮭ ᏏᏴᏫ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎵᏓᏍᏗ ᏗᏓᎴᎾᏔᏅ ᏗᎦᏘᏌᏅᎩ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎠᏫᏒᏅ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ. ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏂᎦᎥ, ᏱᏂᎬᏛᎾ, ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎾᎿᏭᏅᎩ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏌᏊ ᏦᎢ ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏒ ᏚᎾᏓᏟᏌᎲ:

ᎨᏯᏔᎯ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ - ᎯᎠ ᎨᏯᏔᎯ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎠᏠᏯᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᏗᏂᏱᎴᎩ ᏧᏓᎴᏅᏓ ᏗᎧᏃᏗ ᎦᎸᎳᏗᏢ ᎠᎴ ᎢᎦᏛ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᏧᏠᎯᏍᏗ.
ᎠᎦᏴᎵ ᎠᏫᏒᏅ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ - ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎠᎦᏴᎵ ᎠᏫᏒᏅ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ classified ᎾᎾᎯ ᏌᏊ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏍᏓᏩᏗᏒ (ᎠᏓᏅᏒᎯ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎾᎥᏂᎨᏍᏙᏗ ᎢᏳᏕᏘᏴᏓ - ᎢᏳᏕᏘᏴᏓ ᎢᎬᏱ):
- ᎦᏚ ᎠᏄᏬᏍᏗ - ᎾᏍᎩᏯ ᎪᏪᎸ "ᎤᏁᎬ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ", derived ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ R. arvensis ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᎾᎥᏂᎨᎢ ᏚᎾᏓᏚᏓᎸ R. ᎦᏚ ᎠᏄᏬᏍᏗ. ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎴ ᎢᎦᏛ ᎯᎠ ᎢᏳᏕᏘᏴᏓ ᎠᏫᏒᏅ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ, ᏄᏓᎷᎸᎾ ᎠᏲᎸᎯ ᎡᏆ Britain ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎶᎻ. ᏌᏊ ᎢᏳᏩᎫᏗ-ᎠᏛᎯᏍᏙᏗ. ᏱᏓᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ: 'ᏴᎩ-plena', 'York ᎤᏁᎬ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ'.
- Gallica - ᎯᎠ Gallica ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎤᎭ ᏭᏪᏙᎢ ᎤᏙᎷᏩᏛᏓ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ R. gallica ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎾᏰᎯᏯ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎠᎴ ᎤᎦᎾᏭ ᎢᏗᏢ ᏳᎳᏛ. ᎤᏅᏌ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᏌᏊ ᎢᏳᏩᎫᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎪᎨᏱ. ᏱᏓᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ: 'ᏙᏧ ᏧᎬᏩᎶᏗ ᎠᎦᏘᏯ Richelieu', 'Charles ᏧᎬᏩᎶᏗ ᎠᎦᏘᏯ ᏗᏍᏙᏍᎩ', 'Rosa Mundi' (R. gallica ᏧᏓᎴᏅᏓ ᏗᎧᏃᏗ).
- ᎩᎦᎨ - Robert ᏧᎬᏩᎶᏗ ᎠᎦᏘᏯ Brie ᎨᏒᎢ ᎠᏓᏁᎸ ᎠᏓᏚᏗ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎠᏲᎯᎲ ᎠᏂ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ Persia ᏳᎳᏛ ᎢᏳᏊ ᏂᎦᎵᏍᏗ ᎠᏰᎵ 1254 ᎠᎴ 1276. ᎪᎨᏱ ᎩᎦᎨ (crosses ᎠᏰᎵ Gallica ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ R. phoenicea) ᎤᏥᎸᏒ ᏌᏊ ᎢᏳᏩᎫᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎪᎨᏱ. ᎤᎳᎪᎲᏍᏗ ᎩᎦᎨ (Gallicas ᏗᎦᎾᏗᏫᏍᏗ ᎬᏙᏗ R. moschata) ᎤᏥᎸᏒ ᎣᏂᏯᎨᏍᏙᏗ, ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎳᎪᎲᏍᏗ. ᏱᏓᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ: 'Ispahan', 'ᎠᎨᏴ ᏄᎵᏂᎬᎬ'.
- Centifolia (ᎠᎴ Provence) - ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ, ᎤᏛᎯᏍᏔᏅᎩ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎦᎵᏆᏚᏏᏁ ᏍᏉᎯᏧᏈ ᏧᏕᏘᏴᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ Netherlands, ᎠᎴ ᏓᎪᎥᎩ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ "ᏌᏊ ᏍᎪᎯᏧᏈ" petals. ᏌᏊ ᎢᏳᏩᎫᏗ-ᎠᏛᎯᏍᏙᏗ. ᏱᏓᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ: 'Centifolia', 'Paul Ricault'.
- ᎦᎪᏘ - ᎾᎥᏂᎨᎢ ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᎠᎾᏓᏛᏂ ᎯᎠ centifolias, ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎭ ᎦᎪᏘ ᏂᎯ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏩᏂᎦᎸ ᎠᎴ sepal. ᏌᏊ ᎢᏳᏩᎫᏗ-ᎠᏛᎯᏍᏙᏗ. ᏱᏓᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ: 'Comtesse ᏧᎬᏩᎶᏗ ᎠᎦᏘᏯ Murinais', 'ᎠᎦᏴᎵ ᎩᎦᎨ ᎢᏳᏍᏗ ᎦᎪᏘ'.
- ᎠᎦᎾᏫᏗᏍᎩ - ᎯᎠ ᎠᎦᎾᏫᏗᏍᎩ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎠᏲᎸᎯ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎠᏂ amazing ᏅᏏᎾᏒ ᎤᏥᎸᏒ ᎠᏤᎯᏐᏗᏱ ᏂᎦᏅᎯᏒ ᎯᎠ ᎪᎨᏱ ᎠᎴ ᎾᎾᎯ ᎣᏂᏱᏳ ᎤᎳᎪᎲᏍᏗ. ᏅᎩ ᎠᎦᎾᏫᏗᏍᎩ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ('Slater ᎤᏤᎵ ᎩᎦᎨ ᎠᎦᎾᏫᏗᏍᎩ', 1792; 'ᎠᎵᏣᏙᎲᏍᎩ' ᎩᎦᎨ ᎢᏳᏍᏗ ᎠᎦᎾᏫᏗᏍᎩ', 1793; 'Hume ᎤᏤᎵ ᎠᏕᎰᎯᏍᏗ ᎠᎦᎾᏫᏗᏍᎩ', 1809; ᎠᎴ 'ᎠᏣᏪᏐᎸᏍᏙᏗ' ᏓᎶᏂᎨ ᎤᎦᎶᎬ ᎦᏩᏒᎩ ᎠᎦᎾᏫᏗᏍᎩ', 1824) ᎨᏒᎩ ᎠᏲᎸᎯ ᏳᎳᏛ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎣᏂᏱᏳ ᏁᎳᏚᏏᏁ ᎠᎴ 19th ᏍᏉᎯᏧᏈ ᏧᏕᏘᏴᏗ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎠᏲᎸᎯ ᎬᏩᏚᏫᏛ ᎯᎠ ᏗᏁᏝᎾ ᎯᎠ ᏅᎬᎪᎪᎩ ᎠᏛᎯᏍᏙᏗ ᎠᎦᏴᎵ ᎠᏫᏒᏅ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎣᏂᏯᎨᏍᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎪᎯᏊ ᎢᏴ ᏥᎩ ᎠᏫᏒᏅ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ. ᏱᏓᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ: 'ᎠᎦᏴᎵ ᎠᏕᎰᎯᏍᏗ ᎠᎦᎾᏫᏗᏍᎩ', 'Mutabilis'.
- Portland - ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎴ ᏓᎪᎥᎩ ᎤᎶᏐᏅ ᎯᎠ ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ Portland ᎦᎪ ᎤᎩᏒᎩ (ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎢᏔᎵ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ 1800) ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎾᎯᏳᎢ ᎤᎾᏅᏛ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ R. paestana ᎠᎴ 'ᎤᏍᎪᏍᏓ ᎩᎦᎨ ᏅᎩ ᎠᏓᏁᏟᏴᏍᎬ ᏑᏕᏘᏴᏓ' ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ' (ᎾᏊ ᎤᎾᏅᏛ ᏄᏦᏍᏛᎾᏊ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ 'ᎯᎠ Portland ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ'). ᎪᎯ ᎤᎾᏓᏟᏌᎲ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎤᏙᎷᏩᏛᏓ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ Ꮎ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ. ᏅᎬᎪᎪᎩ-ᎠᏛᎯᏍᏙᏗ. ᏱᏓᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ: 'James Veitch', 'ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᏧᎬᏩᎶᏗ ᎠᎦᏘᏯ Rescht', 'ᎯᎠ Portland ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ'.
- Bourbon - ᎤᏅᏌ originated ᎾᎿ l'Île ᏧᎬᏩᎶᏗ ᎠᎦᏘᏯ Bourbon (ᎾᏊ ᎤᏯᏅᎲ Réunion). ᏄᏓᎷᎸᎾ ᎯᎠ ᏄᎵᏍᏔᏅ ᏓᏓᎿᏩᏍᏛ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎳᎪᎲᏍᏗ ᎩᎦᎨ ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ 'ᎠᎦᏴᎵ ᎠᏕᎰᎯᏍᏗ ᎠᎦᎾᏫᏗᏍᎩ'. ᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᏄᏩᏁᎸ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎦᎸᏥᏱ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ 1823. ᏅᎬᎪᎪᎩ-ᎠᏛᎯᏍᏙᏗ. ᏱᏓᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ: 'Louise Odier', 'Mme. Pierre Oger', 'Zéphirine Drouhin'.
- ᏧᏠᎯᏍᏗ ᏂᎦᏰᎵᏒ ᏂᎪᎯᎸ - ᎯᎠ ᎾᏓᏛᏂᏌᏁᎲ ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᏗᏂᏱᎴᎩ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ Victorian ᎩᎵᏏᎯ, ᎤᏅᏌ ᎨᏒᎩ derived ᎡᏆ ᏫᎬᏍᏗ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎯᎠ Bourbons. ᏅᎬᎪᎪᎩ-ᎠᏛᎯᏍᏙᏗ. ᏱᏓᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ: 'Ferdinand Pichard', 'Reine ᏕᏍ Violettes'.
- ᎤᎦᎶᎬ - ᎯᎠ ᏄᎵᏍᏔᏅ ᏗᎦᎾᏗᏫᏍᏗ ᏔᎵ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎴᏅᏗᏍᎬ ᎠᎦᎾᏫᏗᏍᎩ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ('Hume ᎤᏤᎵ ᎠᏕᎰᎯᏍᏗ ᎠᎦᎾᏫᏗᏍᎩ' ᎠᎴ 'ᎠᏣᏪᏐᎸᏍᏙᏗ' ᏓᎶᏂᎨ ᎤᎦᎶᎬ ᎦᏩᏒᎩ ᎠᎦᎾᏫᏗᏍᎩ') ᎬᏙᏗ ᏧᏓᎴᏅᏓ Bourbons ᎠᎴ Noisette ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ. ᎾᏍᎩ ᏯᏛᎾ ᎤᏟ ᎢᎦᎢ ᏩᎾᎢ ᎬᎾᏬᏍᎬ ᏐᎢ ᎠᎦᏴᎵ ᎠᏫᏒᏅ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ (ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᏄᏓᎷᎸᎾ ᎢᎬᏂᏏᏍᎩ R. gigantea ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏌᏆᎸ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏣᏪᏐᎸᏍᏙᏗ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ), ᎤᎦᎶᎬ ᎠᎴ ᏅᎬᎪᎪᎩ-ᎠᏛᎯᏍᏙᏗ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᏁᎳᎩ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᎠᎵᏍᏚᏟᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᏂᎪᎯᎸᎢ ᎤᎦᎶᎬ ᎦᏩᏒᎬ. ᏱᏓᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ: 'ᎠᎨᏴ Hillingdon'.
- Bermuda "ᎤᏍᏆᏂᎪᏗ" ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ - ᎤᎾᏓᏟᏌᎲ ᎯᎸᏍᎩ ᏔᎳᏚ "ᎠᏩᏛᏗ" ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ Ꮎ ᎤᎭ ᏭᏪᏙᎢ ᎤᏛᏒ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ Bermuda ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎾᎾᎢ ᎠᏂᎦᏲᎵ ᏍᏉᎯᏧᏈ ᏧᏕᏘᏴᏗ. ᎯᎠ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎤᎭ ᎦᏛᎬᎢ ᏧᎬᏩᎶᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎤᏁᏉᏨ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏛᏏᏒ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎤᎦᎾᏭ ᎠᎴ ᏴᎩ-ᎤᎦᎾᏭ ᎤᏔᏂᏗ ᎦᏙᎯ, ᎣᏂ ᏧᏩᎫᏛ ᎤᏅᏌ ᎠᎴ ᎦᎸᎳᏗᎨᏍᏗ ᏗᎦᏘᎸᏍᏗ ᎢᏧᎳ nematode ᎤᏲᏨᎯ ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ fungal ᎥᏳᎩ Ꮎ ᎤᏢᎢᏍᏗᏍᎬ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎥᎦᏔᎲᎢ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎤᏗᎴᎩ, ᎤᎯᏌᏛ ᎡᏍᎦᏂ, ᎠᎴ ᏰᎵᏇ ᎢᎬᏁᏗ ᎠᏥᎸᏍᎬ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎤᏗᎴᎩ ᎠᎴ ᎤᎯᏌᏛ ᏙᏯᏗᎳ ᏄᏍᏗᏓᏅ. ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᏄᏓᎷᎸᎾ ᎠᎦᏴᎵ ᎠᏫᏒᏅ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ cultivars Ꮎ ᎤᎭ ᎢᏳᏃ ᏰᎵ ᎤᏬᎭᏒᎩ ᎠᏥᏄᏉᏫᏍᎬ ᏗᎦᎶᎪᏗ, ᎠᎴ ᏗᏁᎸᏗᏱ ᏂᏛᏓᎴᎲᏍᎩ. ᎤᏅᏌ ᎠᎴ "ᎤᏍᏆᏂᎪᏗ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ" ᎢᎬᏂᏏᏍᎩ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ "ᏗᏙᎳᎩ" ᎧᏃᎮᏍᎩ ᏄᎵᏍᏔᏅ ᏚᎾᏙᎥ ᎤᎭ ᏭᏪᏙᎢ ᎤᎴᎾᎯᏛ. ᎧᏃᎮᎸᎯ ᎠᏃᏪᎵᏍᎬ Ꮎ ᎤᏅᏌ ᎠᎴ ᏓᎪᎥᎩ ᎤᎶᏐᏅ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏤᎵᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏫᏒᏅ ᎭᏢᏃ ᎤᏅᏌ ᎨᏒᎩ rediscovered.
- ᏧᏓᎴᏅᏓ - ᎾᎿᎢ ᎠᎴ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᎦᏲᎵ ᎠᏂᎦᏲᎵ ᏚᎾᎵᎪᏒ (ᏯᏛᎿ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎦᏁᎳ, ᎤᎦᎾᏍᏛ ᎪᏍᏓᏱ) ᎠᎴ ᎢᎦᏛ ᏥᎵᎱ ᏚᎾᎵᎪᏒ ᎠᎦᏴᎵ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ (ᎠᏠᏯᏍᏗᏍᎩ Ayrshire, ᏥᎵᎱ ᎠᎦᎾᏫᏗᏍᎩ, Laevigata, Sempervirens, Noisette, Boursault, ᏥᎵᎱ ᎤᎦᎶᎬ, ᎠᎴ ᏥᎵᎱ Bourbon). ᎾᏍᎩ ᏚᎾᎵᎪᏒ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎢᏧᎳ ᏥᎵᎱ ᎠᎴ ᎦᎪᏘ ᏚᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᎴ ᎢᏳᏓᎵᎭ grouped ᎢᏧᎳ.
ᎪᎯᏊ ᎢᏴ ᏥᎩ ᎠᏫᏒᏅ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ - ᏗᏓᎴᎾᏔᏅ ᏗᎦᏘᏌᏅᎩ ᎪᎯᏊ ᎢᏴ ᏥᎩ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᏰᎵᏇ ᎾᏍᏋ ᎾᎥᏂᎨᏍᏙᏗ confusing ᎢᎬᏂᏏᏍᎩ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎪᎯᏊ ᎢᏴ ᏥᎩ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎤᎭ ᎠᎦᏴᎵ ᎠᏫᏒᏅ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᎦᏌᏆᎸ ᎠᎴ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ varies ᎾᏍᎩ ᎢᎬᏂᏏᏍᎩ ᎤᏣᏘ. ᎯᎠ ᏗᏓᎴᎾᏔᏅ ᏗᎦᏘᏌᏅᎩ ᏫᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᎾᏍᏋ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎤᏛᏏᏗᏒ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏛᎯᏍᏙᏗ ᎨᎦᏓᏅᏖᏗ, ᏯᏛᎿ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ "ᎡᏆ-flowered ᎦᎪᏘ", "ᎠᏍᏆᎵᏍᏗ, ᎡᏆ-flowered ᎦᎪᏘ", "ᎤᏓᏂᏝᏅ-flowered", "ᏗᎦᏣᏄᎶ ᎤᎾᏣ ᎠᏍᏆᎵᏍᏗ", ᎠᎴ "ᎦᏙᎯ-ᎫᏢᏗ ᎬᏙᏗ-ᎠᏍᏆᎵᏍᏗ". ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎤᏂᎸᏉᏗ ᎪᎯᏊ ᎢᏴ ᏥᎩ cultivars ᏰᎵᏇ ᏱᏂᎬᏛᎾ ᎾᏍᏋ ᏓᏥᏲᎯᏎᎸ ᏌᏊ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏔᎵ ᏚᎾᏓᏟᏌᎲ:
- ᏧᏠᎯᏍᏗ ᎤᎦᎶᎬ - ᎯᎠ favorite ᏗᎦᎶᎪᏗ' ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ, ᎬᏙᏗ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎵᏓᏍᏗ ᏌᏊ ᎾᎾᎢ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎯᏍᎩ ᎠᎴ ᏑᏓᎵ ᎡᏆ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎢᎬᏂᏏᏍᎩ ᎤᏩᏂᎦᎸ, ᎯᎠ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎤᏂᎪᏗᏗ ᎠᏍᏓᏯ ᎠᏓᏁᎳᏅ petals ᎬᏙᏗ reflexed ᎠᎦᏚᏕᏍᏗ (ᎠᎪᏩᏛᏗ ᏗᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ, ᏚᏳᎪᏛ). ᎤᏅᏌ ᎠᎴ favored ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎦᏁᎸ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎢᎬᏱ ᎦᏰᎯ ᏄᏍᏗᏓᏅ, ᎠᎴ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎠᎧᏁᏍᏗ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ. ᏱᏓᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ: 'ᏅᏩᏙᎯᏯᏛ', 'ᎠᏍᎦᏯ. Lincoln'
- Floribunda - ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎢᏳᏓᎵᎭ ᎠᏂᎦᏲᎵ, ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎡᏆ ᎤᏓᏂᏝᏅ ᏍᎪᎯ ᎠᎴ ᎤᏟ ᎢᎦᎢ (ᎢᏳᏓᎵᎭ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎤᏟ ᎢᎦᎢ) ᎾᎿ ᎠᏂᏏᏴᏫᎭ ᎤᏩᏂᎦᎸ. ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏫᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᎠᏓᏁᏗ ᎤᏟ ᎢᎦᎢ ᏧᏓᏃᏣᎵ ᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᎢᎬᏁᏗ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎾᎿ ᎢᏴᎢ, ᎾᏍᎩ ᎢᎬᏂᏏᏍᎩ ᎠᎴ ᎤᏟ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎢᏳᏓᎵᎭ ᎬᏔᏅᎯ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎡᏆ ᎠᎵᏍᏕᎸᏗ ᎠᏓᏅᏖᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏴᏫ ᎤᏁᏓᏍᏗ ᎠᏣᏪᏐᎸᏍᏙᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎤᏠᏱ ᎤᏜᏅᏛ. ᏱᏓᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ: 'ᎠᎵᏍᏓᏴᏗ ᎠᎨᏴ ᏧᏨᏓ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ', 'ᎤᏴᏢ', 'Tuscan ᏅᏙ ᎢᎦ ᎡᎯ'.

ᎧᏃᎮᏍᎩ[edit]

ᎯᎠ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎤᎭ ᏂᎪᎯᎸᎢ ᏭᏪᏙᎢ ᏓᎬᏩᎶᏔᏅ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ Ꮝ ᎤᏬᏚ ᎠᎴ ᎠᎵᏍᏚᏟᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎤᎭ ᎦᏅᎯᏓ ᎧᏃᎮᏍᎩ ᏄᏍᏛ ᏗᎧᏃᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎦᏛᎬᎢ. ᎯᎠ ᎯᎸᎯᏳᎢ ᎠᏂᎪᎢ ᎠᎴ ᎶᎻ identified ᎯᎠ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ goddesses ᎬᎨᏳᎢ (ᎤᏬᏚ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏨᏍᏛ). ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎶᎻ ᎨᏯᏔᎯ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᏯᏓᎢᏗᏏ ᎾᏍᏋ ᎾᎿᏭᏅᎩ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏍᏚᏗ ᎧᏅᏑᎸ ᎭᏢᏃ ᎤᏕᎵᏛ ᎢᏳᏍᏗ ᏱᏓᏛᎿ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎧᏃᎮᎸᎯ. ᎯᎠ ᎯᎸᏍᎩ ᎢᎧᏁᏣ ᎠᏂᎦᏲᎵ rosa, ᎠᎴ "ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ", ᎤᏅᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ ᎠᏍᏆᏂᎪᏙᏗ secret—derived ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎪᎯ ᎯᎸᎯᏳᎢ ᎶᎻ ᎠᎵᏏᎾᎯᏍᏙᏗ.

ᎢᎬᏱ ᏧᎾᏁᎸᏗ identified ᎯᎠ ᎯᏍᎩ petals ᎯᎠ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎯᏍᎩ ᎠᏥᏐᏅᏅ ᎦᎶᏁᏛ. ᎦᎾᏆᏘᏍᏗ ᎪᎯ ᎪᎷᏩᏛᏗ, ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᏗᏓᏘᏁᎯ ᎨᏒᎩ hesitant ᎠᏠᏯᏍᏙᏗ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎢᎬᏂᏏᏍᎩ Ꮝ ᎤᎾᎵᎪᏒ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎶᎻ excesses ᎠᎴ ᎦᎵᏓᏍᏛ ᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᎢᎬᏁᏗ. ᎯᎠ ᎩᎦᎨ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᏭᎵᏱᎶᎸ ᎠᏠᏯᏍᏔᏅᎯ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏗᎬᏟᎶᏍᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎩᎬ ᎯᎠ ᏧᎾᏁᎸᏗ ᏗᏁᎶᏗ ᎤᏍᏛᏗᏍᎩ. ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᎣᏂᏯᎨᏍᏙᏗ ᎤᎷᏨᎩ ᎾᏍᏋ ᎤᎾᎵᎪᏅᎯ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏛᏍᎩ Mary.

ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎥᎦᏔᎲᎢ ᎤᎷᏨᎩ ᎾᎾᎯ Ꮝ ᎣᏤᎵ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏳᎳᏛ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ 1800 ᎤᏤᎵ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎾᏛᏁᎸ ᏂᎦᏰᎵᏒ ᏂᎪᎯᎸ ᎠᏥᎸᏍᎬ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᏓᎶᏂᎨᏍᏛ. ᎾᎿᎢ ᎠᎴ ᎾᏊ ᎯᎸᏍᎩ ᎢᏯᎦᏴᎵ varieties ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎤᏙᎷᏩᏛᏓ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎤᏥᎸᏒ ᎤᏙᏢᏒᎢ, ᏂᎬᎢ, ᎠᎵᏍᏚᏟᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎦᎷᎶᎩ ᏧᏣᏲᏍᏗ.

ᎥᎦᏔᎲᎢ[edit]

ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎯᎸᎯᏳᎢ ᏗᎬᏟᎶᏍᏙᏗ ᎬᎨᏳᎢ ᎠᎴ ᎤᏬᏚ. ᎯᎠ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎦᎸᏉᏗ ᏎᏍᏗ ᎬᎨᏳᎢes (ᎠᏠᏯᏍᏗᏍᎩ ᎤᏁᎳᏅᎯ ᎠᎴ ᎤᏬᏚ), ᎠᎴ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎢᏳᏓᎵᎭ ᎬᏔᏅᎯ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏗᎬᏟᎶᏍᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏛᏍᎩ ᎺᎵ. ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎢᎬᏂᏏᏍᎩ ᎤᎵᏍᎨᏛ Ꮎ ᎯᎠ ᎧᏁᏨ ᎤᏅᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ ᎩᎦᎨ ᎢᏳᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎩᎦᎨ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏧᏓᎴᏅᏓ ᎦᏟᏌᏅ ᏗᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ (ᏯᏛᎿ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᏄᏰᎳᏛᎾ ᏗᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ, ᎠᎪᎢ, ᎠᎴ ᎦᎶᏂᏗ).

ᎯᎠ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎬᎾᏕᎾ ᎠᏥᎸᏍᎩ ᎩᎵᏏᎯ ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏫᏒᏗ ᎧᏃᎮᎭ, ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎠᏔᎴᏒ ᎠᎹᏱ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎠᎴᏂᏙᎲ ᎯᎠ ᏗᎬᏟᎶᏍᏙᏗ ᎩᎵᏏᎯ Rugby]], ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ Rugby ᎠᎳᏍᎦᎸᏗ ᏗᏌᏊ ᎤᎾᎵᎪᎯ. ᎾᏍᎩ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏔᏂᏗ ᎦᏙᎯ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ Yorkshire ᎠᎴ Lancashire ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎩᎵᏏᎯ (ᎯᎠ ᎤᏁᎬ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎩᎦᎨ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎨᏥᎸᏉᏗᏳ) ᎠᎴ Alberta (ᎯᎠ ᎨᏯᏔᎯ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ), ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏔᏂᏗ ᎦᏙᎯ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᏅᎩ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎠᏴ ᎧᏃᎮᎭ: ᎠᏯᏩ ᎠᎴ ᏧᏴᏢ ᏓᎧᏓ (R. arkansana), ᏣᏥᏱ (R. laevigata), ᎠᎴ ᏄᏯᎩ (Rosa ᏂᎦᎥᏊ). Portland, ᎤᏩᎦᏂ ᏫᏚᏳᎪᏛ "ᎦᏚᎲᎢ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ" ᏄᎾᏛᏅ Ꮝ ᎾᎥᎢ, ᎠᎴ ᏗᏂᏂᏴ ᎾᏕᏘᏴᎯᏒ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᏓᎾᎵᏍᏓᏴᎲᏍᎬ.

ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ occasionally ᎯᎠ ᎠᎴᏅᏙᏗ ᎠᏤᎸ ᎢᎬᏁᏗ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᏗᏦᎳᏅ, ᏯᏛᎿ ᏗᏦᎳᏅ comprising ᎯᏍᎩ ᎠᎴ ᏍᎪᎯ ᎢᎦᏛ (ᎯᎠ ᎯᏍᎩ petals ᎠᎴ ᎯᏍᎩ sepals ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ) ᎠᎴ ᏎᏍᏗ ᏂᏛᏓᎴᎲᏍᎩ; ᏱᏂᎬᏛᎾ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎠᏐᏩᏅᏅ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᏗᏦᎳᏅ ᎠᎴ ᎤᏣᏘ ᎤᏟ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎠᎲᏲᎵᏓ ᎠᎴ ᎨᏒᎩ ᏄᏓᎷᎸᎾ ᏚᎳᏏᏔᏅᎩ ᎠᎴᏅᏔᏅ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏆᏙᏗ ᎠᎴ ᏐᎢ ᏄᏍᏛ ᏗᎧᏃᏗ.

ᎩᎦᎨ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ (ᎢᏳᏓᎵᎭ ᎠᏰᎲᎩ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎤᏬᏰᏂ) ᎨᏒᎢ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᏗᎬᏟᎶᏍᏙᏗ ᏓᎳᏏᏛ ᎠᎴ ᎠᎾᏓᏟᏏᏍᎬ ᎤᏂᏣᏘ ᎤᎾᏓᏅᏖᏗ; ᎾᏍᎩ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᎬᏔᏅᎯ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏗᎬᏟᎶᏍᏙᏗ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎩᎵᏏ ᎠᎴ ᎦᏁᎳ Labour ᏚᎾᏓᏟᏌᎲ, ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎠᏔᎴᏒ ᎠᎹᏱ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎦᎸᏥ, ᏍᏆᏂ (ᏍᏆᏂ ᎤᎾᎵᎪᏒ ᏧᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᎯ' ᎤᎾᏓᏟᏌᎲ), ᏉᏧᎦᎵ, Norwegian, Danish, ᎠᏂᎤᎦᎾᏍᏔ, Finnish, ᏆᏏᎵᎢ, Dutch (Partij ᎠᏓᎴᏂᏍᎬ ᏧᎬᏩᎶᏗ ᎠᎦᏘᏯ Arbeid) ᎠᎴ European ᎤᎾᎵᎪᏒ ᏚᎾᏓᏟᏌᎲ. ᎪᎯ ᎠᎴᏅᏙᏗ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎯᎠ ᎩᎦᎨ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎬᏔᏅᎯ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎠᎧᏁᏍᏗ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ marchers ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎾᏍᎬᏘ 1968 ᎦᎳᏅᏛ ᏗᎦᏘᎸᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏨᏓᏓᏨᏍᏙᏗ.

Victorian ᏄᏍᏛ ᏗᎧᏃᏗ[edit]

ᏓᎶᏂᎨ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ: symbolizing ᎠᏲᎱᏍᎬ ᎬᎨᏳᎢ

ᎩᎦᎨ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ: Deepest ᎬᎨᏳᎢ ᎠᎴ ᎪᎯᏳᎯ

ᎧᎵ ᏗᏙᎳᎩ ᎯᎠ Victorian "ᎠᏂᏥᎸᏍᎩ ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ", ᏄᏓᎴᎿᎥ ᎠᏑᏫᏒ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎠᏂᏏᏴᏫᎭ ᎤᎭ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᎣᏤᎵ ᏄᏍᏛ ᏗᎧᏃᏗ ᎦᏛᎬᎢ:

ᎩᎦᎨ: ᎬᎨᏳᎢ
ᎩᎦᎨ ᎢᏳᏍᏗ: ᎠᏓᏙᎵᏍᏗ, ᎠᏓᏙᎳᏍᏗᏍᎩ ᎤᎾᏒᎾᏍᏗᏱ ᎬᎨᏳᎢ
ᎤᎳᏏᎩ ᎩᎦᎨ ᎢᏳᏍᏗ: ᎤᎵᎮᎵᏣᏘ
ᎠᏨᏍᏛ ᎩᎦᎨ ᎢᏳᏍᏗ: ᎦᎸᏉᏙᏗᏳ, ᎤᏪᏙᎵᏍᏗ
ᎤᏁᎬ: ᎤᏁᎳᏅ ᎤᏬᏢᏅ, ᎬᏫᏍᏓᏗ, ᎤᏕᎵᏛ, ᎣᎵᎢ, ᎠᏓᎸᏉᏙᏗᏱ ᎠᎴ ᏄᏢᏉᏛᎾ.
ᏓᎶᏂᎨ: ᏓᎶᏂᎨ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᏂᎦᎥᏊ ᎤᏁᎫᏥᏛ ᎠᏲᎱᏍᎬ ᎬᎨᏳᎢ ᎠᎴ ᏁᎵᏒ ᎬᎨᏳᎢ. ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᏓᏥ-ᎦᏬᏂᏍᎬ ᎠᏰᎵ ᏚᎾᏙᏢᏩᏗᏒ, ᏱᏂᎬᏛᎾ, ᎤᏅᏌ ᏰᎵᏇ ᎤᏁᎫᏥᏛ ᎾᎪᎯᏳᎲᏍᎬᎾ ᎠᎴ ᎾᎪᎯᏳᎲᏍᎬᎾ.
ᏓᎶᏂᎨ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎩᎦᎨ ᎠᎦᏚᏕᏍᏗ: ᎣᎵᎢ, ᎦᎶᏍᎬ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎬᎨᏳᎢ
ᎠᏓᎶᏂᎨ: ᎠᏓᎨᎵᏲᏤᏗ
Burgundy: ᎤᏬᏚ
ᏌᎪᏂᎨ: ᎤᏍᏆᏂᎪᏗ
ᎢᏤ ᎢᏳᏍᏗ: ᏙᎯᏄᏍᏛ
ᎬᎿᎨ: ᎡᎳᏗ ᎾᏅᎡᏁᎲ ᎠᎵᏁᎩ ᎪᏪᎵ (ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎤᏙᎯᏳ ᎬᎿᎨ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ ᏰᎵ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎠᏛᎯᏍᏙᏗ)
ᎩᎨᏍᏗ: ᎠᎵᏍᏕᎸᏙᏗ (ᏧᎦᏴᎵᎨ/ᎤᏓᏥ ᎬᎨᏳᎢ)

ᎯᎠ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎤᎭ ᏧᏓᎴᏅᏓ ᎤᏁᎳᏅᎯ ᎠᎦᏘᏯ/ᎠᎦᏔᎯ ᎪᏪᎵ ᎤᎾᏓᏡᎩ Ꮎ ᎠᎴ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎧᏃᎮᎸᎯ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎪᎯ ᎤᏓᏡᎬ.

ᎯᎠ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎤᎷᏨᎩ ᏄᏍᏛ ᏗᎧᏃᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢ Georgia ᎤᏤᎵ ᎬᏙᏗ-ᎬᏂᎦᎳᏍᏗ ᎦᎾᏰᎩ ᏫᎵ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᏙᎯ ᎠᏕᏗ ᎾᎯᏳᎨᏒ Ꮝ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎠᏕᏲᎲ.

ᎯᎠ ᏗᎬᏟᎶᏍᏙᏗ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᏰᎵᏇ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᏩᏎᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎩᎦᎨ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ Lancaster, ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏁᎬ ᎠᏥᎸᏍᎩ York, ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎯᎠ ᏓᏄᏩ ᎯᎠ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎠᎴᏫᏍᏙᏗ.

ᎤᏁᎳᏅᎯ ᎠᎴ ᏦᏕ[edit]

ᎩᎦᎨ ᎢᏳᏍᏗ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ: ᎠᏓᏙᎵᏍᏗ

ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎢᎦᏛ ᎦᎵᏓᏍᏛ mythologies, Ꮭ undead ᎠᎴ ᎠᏂᏣᏍᎩᎵly ᏕᏁᎳᏅᎯ (ᎾᏍᎩᎾ ᎨᏒ ᏄᏁᎸᎾ) ᎠᎾᏍᎬᏘ ᏓᏓᎿᏩᏍᏛ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎦᏅᏅ ᎨᏯᏔᎯ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ. ᎾᏍᎩ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᏁᎵᏒ Ꮎ ᎾᎿᎢ ᎨᏯᏔᎯ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎾᎿ ᎤᏲᎱᏒ ᎦᎸᏙᏗ ᏝᏱᎪᎯᎩ ᎤᏲᎱᏒᎯ ᎠᏏᏴᏫ ᏯᏓᎢᏗᏏ ᎠᎴᏫᏍᏔᏅ ᎠᏂ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎠᎵᏌᎳᏗᏍᎬ ᎠᏏᏇ.
ᎣᏂ ᏧᏩᎫᏛ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎬᏱᏗᏢᏍᏗ ᎢᏧᏩᎪᏗ, ᎯᎠ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎤᎭ ᏭᏪᏙᎢ ᎤᏂᎧᏁᏍᏙᏗ ᎡᎷᏪᎢ:
- ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᎪᎢ ᎤᏁᎳᏅᎯ, Eros ᎠᏓᏁᎭ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏁᎳᏅᎯ ᎡᎷᏪᎢ.
- ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ Celtic ᎠᏍᎦᏯᎭ ᏄᎵᏍᏔᏂᏙᎸ, ᏓᎦᏘᎴᎬ, ᏄᏬᏢᏛᎾ ᎠᏓᏅᏙ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ silenced ᎾᎥᎢ ᎠᏓᏁᎲᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏓᏅᏙ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎨᏯᏔᎯ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᏂᎦᎥᎢ ᎢᏤ ᏒᏃᏱ ᎡᎯ ᏅᏙ.
ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎬᏔᏅᎯ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎤᏙᎯᏳ ᎢᎬᏱ ᎢᏧᏩᎪᏗ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎤᏙᎯᏳ ᎤᎳᏂᎩᏛ ᏑᏓᎴᎩ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎬᎨᏳᎢ ᏗᏍᏇᎸᏗ.
ᎧᎵ ᏗᏙᎳᎩ ᎠᏴᏫᏯ ᎤᏁᎳᏅᎯ, ᏌᏊ ᎯᎠ ᏗᎬᏩᏂᏍᏓᏴᎲᏍᎩ ᎤᏁᎳᏅᎯ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎠᏩᏛᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ.
ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎶᎻ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎢᏳᏓᎵᎭ ᏄᏍᏛ ᎢᏯᎾᏛᏁᎯ ᎠᏓᏙᎵᏍᏗ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎾᎿ "ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎤᎾᏙᏓᏆᏍᎬ".
ᏧᏠᎯᏍᏗ Muslims, ᎾᏍᎩ ᎨᏒᎢ ᏙᎢ ᎤᏬᎯᏳᏅ Ꮎ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎬᏱ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎪᏢᏅᎯ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎦᏣᎦᎸᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏕᎶᎰᏍᎩ ᎦᎾᏄᎪᏫᏒ, ᎠᎴ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎤᏗᏗᏢ ᎤᏬᎯᏳᏅ Ꮎ ᎾᎿ ᎤᏙᎯᏳ ᎢᎦ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᏑᏕᏘᏴᏓ ᎯᎠ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎤᎭ ᎠᏓᏅᏙ ᎠᏕᎸ ᏓᎶᏂᎨ.
ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ Scotland, ᎢᏳᏃ ᎤᏁᎬ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ bloomed ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎤᎳᎪᎲᏍᏗ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎥᏓᏘᏁᎸ ᎢᎬᏱ ᏨᏓᏓᏨᏍᏙᏗ.
ᎯᎠ ᎩᎦᎨ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ, ᎾᏍᎩ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎤᏬᎯᏳᏅ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᏗᏁᎸᏙᏗ, ᏝᏰᎵ ᎠᏛᏍᎬ ᎦᏬᎯᎸᏙᏗ ᎦᏂᏌᎲᎢ.
ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᏧᎦᎶᎦ ᏭᏗᏅᏒᎩ ᎾᎾᎯ ᎦᎴᏴᏍᎬ ᎠᏓᏪᎳᎩᏍᎬ ᎠᎴ ᏄᏪᏒᎩ ᎠᏓᏁᏗ ᎣᏍᏛ ᎤᏝᏅᏓᏕᎲ.
ᎢᏳᏃ ᎠᏲᎵ ᎠᎨᏳᏣ ᎠᏰᎲ ᎤᏟ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎬᎾᏬᏍᎬ ᏌᏊ ᎠᏏᎤᎴ ᎡᎱ, ᎾᏍᎩ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎤᏬᎯᏳᏅ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏌᏊ ᎤᏁᎳᏅᎯ, ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᎨᏴ ᎢᏳᏗᎾ ᎠᎩᏍᏗ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᏧᎦᎶᎦ ᎠᎴ ᎪᏪᎶᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏚᎾᏙᎥ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᎨᏴ ᎠᏏᎤᎴ ᎡᎱ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏂ ᎤᏓᎷᎸ ᎥᏓᏓᎫᏴᎡᏗᏱ ᎠᏂ ᎾᎾᎯ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏃᎸᎥᏍᎬ. ᎯᎠ ᎣᏂ ᎤᎦᎶᎬ ᎠᏙᏯᏅᎯᏗᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏙᎯ ᏯᏓᎢᏗᏏ ᎠᎵᏐᏆᎸᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏚᏙᎥ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏏᎤᎴ ᎡᎱ ᎦᎪᏃ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᎨᏴ ᎢᏳᏗᎾ ᏕᎨᎦᏨᏍᏗᏍᎬ.
ᎾᏍᎩ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎤᏬᎯᏳᏅ Ꮎ ᎢᏳᏃ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎤᏩᎢᏢᎢ ᎨᏒᎩ pruned ᎾᎿ ᏒᎯᏰᏱ. ᎦᎳᏅᎯ ᎤᏤᎵ ᏒᎯᏰ, ᎾᏍᎩ ᏯᏓᎢᏗᏏ ᎾᏍᏋ ᎠᏚᏓᎸᏅ ᎤᏥᎸᏒ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎳᎪᎲᏍᏗ.

ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏗᏟᎶᏍᏙᏗ[edit]

Renoir ᎠᏂᎶᏁᏍᎬ tsuqwanvdena ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ

ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎢᏳᏓᎵᎭ portrayed ᎾᎥᎢ ᏗᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅᏍᎩ. ᎯᎠ ᎠᎦᎸᏥ ᏗᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅᏍᎩ Pierre-ᏧᏳᎪᏗᎭ Redouté ᎠᏛᎯᏍᏔᏅ ᎢᎦᏛ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎤᏎᎸᎩ ᎢᎬᏁᏗ ᎠᏂᎶᏁᏍᎬ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ.

ᎧᏁᎢᏍᏙᏗ[edit]

ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ driest whitest ᏗᏓᏁᏍᏙᏗ ᎡᎯᏍᏛ ᎤᏤᎵ ᎢᎪᎯᏓ ᎨᏒ ᎢᎾᎨ, ᎠᏯ ᎤᎴᎾᎯᏛ ᎠᏆᏤᎵ ᎣᏏ ᎤᏓᏅᏖᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏩᏛᏗ ᎪᎯ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ. – Rumi
ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎤᏤᎵ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏚᏙᎥ? Ꮎ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎤᏯᏅᏛ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ/ᎾᎥᎢ ᏂᎦᎵᏍᏗᏍᎬᎫ ᏐᎢ ᏚᏙᎥ ᏯᏓᎢᏗᏏ ᎦᏩᏒᎬ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎤᎦᎾᏍᏛ. – William Shakespeare, ᎶᎻᎣ ᎠᎴ Juliet ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎯ ᎧᏬᎳᏕᏍᎬ, sc. ᎧᏬᎳᏕᏍᎬ
O, ᎠᏆᏤᎵ ᎬᎨᏳᎢ ᎤᏤᎵ ᎾᏍᎩᏯᎢ ᎩᎦᎨ, ᎩᎦᎨ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ – Robert Burns, ᎩᎦᎨ, ᎩᎦᎨ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ
ᏧᎾᏓᏅᏙ ᎠᎪᎾ ᎠᏲᎱᎯᏍᏗ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎠᏔᎴᏒ ᎠᎹᏱ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏗᏂᏰᎸ; ᎠᏓᏁᏗ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎠᏴ ᎦᏚ, ᎠᎴ ᎠᏓᏁᏗ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎠᏴ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ. – James Oppenheim, "ᎦᏚ ᎠᎴ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ"
ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ – Gertrude Stein, ᎦᎸᏉᏗ Emily (1913), ᏗᎧᏃᎩᏛ ᎠᏠᏯᏍᏔᏅ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᏓᏕᏲᎲᏍᎩ ᎡᎶᎯ ᎠᎴ ᏗᏁᎶᏗ.
ᏗᎶᏗ, ᏗᎶᏗ, ᎤᏰᏍᏔᏅᎩ, ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ!- Eh, ᎩᎦᎨ ᎦᏴᏐᎵ? – Jeremy Hilary Boob, Ph.D. (ᎤᏟ ᎢᎦᎢ ᏱᏓᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ ᏩᏎᎸᎯ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ 'ᎸᏢ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎠᏍᎦᏯ'), ᏓᎶᏂᎨ ᎤᏒᏙᏂ (ᏫᏚᏳᎪᏛ)

ᎠᎵᏍᏚᏟᏍᏗ[edit]

Main articles: Rose oil and ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎪᎢ

ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎠᎵᏍᏚᏟᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎪᏢᏅᎯ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎠᎵᏍᏚᏟᏍᏗ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎪᎢ, ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ ᏧᏠᎯᏍᏗ ᎤᎩᏓᎵ ᎤᎵᏍᎨᏛ ᎪᎢ ᎣᏤᎵ ᎢᎬᏁᎸ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎠᏥᎸ ᎦᏌᏙᏯᏍᎩ-ᎢᏳᏍᏗ ᎧᏃᎮᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎡᎯᏍᏛ petals ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ. ᎯᎠ technique originated ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ Persia (ᎯᎠ ᎧᏁᏨ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎤᏩᏌᏊ ᎨᏒᎢ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ Persian) ᎾᎯᏳᎢ ᎠᏰᏍᏛᏗ ᏗᎬᏩᎶᏒ ᎠᎵᏍᏚᏟᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎢᏅᏗᎾ, ᎠᎴ ᎢᏳᏓᎵᎭ ᎬᏩᏚᏫᏛ 70% 80% ᎠᏛᎯᏍᏙᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎤᎨᏓᎵᏴ ᎾᎥᏂᎨ Kazanluk ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ Bulgaria, ᎬᏙᏗ ᎢᎦᏛ ᎠᏛᎯᏍᏙᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ Qamsar ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ Iran ᎠᎴ ᎠᏂᏛᏥ. ᎯᎠ Kaaba ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ Mecca ᎨᏒᎢ ᎾᏕᏘᏴᎯᏒ ᎠᎬᏍᏉᎥ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ Iranian ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎠᎹ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ Qamsar. ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ Bulgaria, Iran ᎠᎴ ᎠᏂᏛᏥ, ᎩᎦᎨ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ (Rosa damascena 'Trigintipetala') ᎠᎴ ᎬᏔᏅᎯ. ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎦᎸᏥ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎪᎢ ᏗᎦᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ Rosa centifolia ᎨᏒᎢ ᎬᏔᏅᎯ. ᎯᎠ ᎪᎢ, ᎤᏔᏂᏗ ᎦᏙᎯ ᏓᎶᏂᎨ ᎠᎴ ᏓᎶᏂᎨ-ᎤᏍᎪᎸ ᏌᎪᏂᎨ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏗᎧᏃᏗ, ᎨᏒᎢ ᏱᏓᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ ᎤᏯᏅᎲ 'ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎤᏙᎯᏳᎯᏯ' ᎪᎢ ᎠᎪᏩᏛᏗ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎠᎹ ᏅᎬᎪᏔᏅᎯ. ᎯᎠ ᏄᏓᎨᏒ ᎪᎢ ᎠᎲᏏᏓᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎬᏩᏚᏫᏛ ᏌᏊ ᏦᎢ—ᎯᏍᎩ ᏌᏊ ᏑᏓᎵ—ᎯᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏄᏓᎨᏒ ᎯᎠ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ; ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᏱᏓᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ, ᎬᏩᏚᏫᏛ 2,000 ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎧᏁᏨ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᏗ ᎠᏛᎯᏍᏙᏗ ᏌᏊ gram ᎪᎢ.

ᎯᎠ ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏒ ᏑᏓᎴᎩ ᎠᎵᏍᏚᏟᏍᏗ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎵᏍᏚᏟᏍᏗ ᎠᎹ ᎠᏑᏴᏗ ᏫᏍᎩ geraniol, ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎤᎭ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎦᏛᏗ ᏄᏍᏛ ᏎᏍᏗ C₁₀H₁₈O ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏔᏂᏗ ᎦᏙᎯ ᏎᏍᏗ CH₃.C[CH₃]:CH.CH₂.CH₂.C[CH₃]:CH.CH₂OH ᎠᎴ l-citronellol; ᎠᎴ ᎫᏔᏍᏲᏍᏗ ᎠᏜ, odorless ᎪᎢ.