ᎤᏅᏉᎳᏛ

ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ arches ᎦᏬᎯᎸᏙᏗ Florida.

File:Endless rainbow.jpg

ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎤᏍᏆᎸᎲ ᎠᎦᏍᎬ

ᎤᏅᎪᎳ ᎠᏨᏍᏛ ᎨᏒᎢ refracted ᎾᎾᎢ ᎡᏆ ᎢᎨᏍᏙᏗ ᏓᏍᏓᏅᏅ ᏚᎷᏨ ᎬᎾᏬᏍᎬ ᎩᎦᎨ ᎠᏨᏍᏛ, ᎠᎴ ᎢᎬᏂᏏᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎡᏍᎦᏂ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏐᎯ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏍᏓᏩᏛᏍᏗ ᎤᎭ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎪᏍᏓᏱ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏍᏓᏩᏛᏍᏗ, ᎯᎠ ᏗᎧᏃᏗ crosses ᎤᏩᏌᏊ, ᎠᎴ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎢᎬᏂᏏᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎩᎦᎨ ᎠᏨᏍᏛ ᎦᎾᏄᎪᎦ ᎦᎸᎳᏗᎨᏍᏙᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎦᎷᎾᏗ, ᎠᎴ ᏚᏙᏢᏒ ᎯᎠ outer colour ᎯᎠ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ. ᎠᎵᏍᎦᏁᏍᎩ ᎤᏂᎸᏉᏗ ᎤᏬᎯᏳᏒ, ᎯᎠ ᎠᏨᏍᏛ ᎾᎾᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏐᎯ ᎯᎠ raindrop ᎾᏛᏁ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᏂᎦᎵᏍᏔᏂᏙᎲ ᏂᎦᏛ ᎦᏟᏌᏅ ᎭᏫᏂ ᏄᏍᏛ ᏛᏙᏓᎧᏂᏍᎬ; ᏱᏂᎬᏛᎾ, ᎠᏨᏍᏛ Ꮎ ᏗᏓᏲᎯᏍᏗ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏐᎯ ᎯᎠ raindrop ᎾᏛᏁ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎪᏢᏗ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎯᎠ ᎾᎿ ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᏅᏙ ᎢᎦ ᎡᎯ. ᎯᎠ spectra ᏗᏓᏲᎯᏍᏗ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏐᎯ ᎯᎠ raindrop ᎿᏛᎦ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎤᎭ ᎦᎸᎳᏗᎨ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎢᎦᏘ, ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏐᎢ ᎬᎪᏩᏛᏗ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎿᏛᎦ, ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᎢᏴ ᎯᎠ colours ᏧᏠᎯᏍᏗ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎠᎴ ᎿᏛᎦ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ.

ᎠᏨᏍᏛ ᎠᏨᏍᏛ ᎠᏴᏍᏗ raindrop ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᏌᏊ ᎢᏚᏳᎪᏛ (ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎵᏓᏍᏗ ᎦᏥᏃᏍᏛ ᎠᏍᏓᏅᏅ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎯᎠ ᏅᏙ ᎢᎦ ᎡᎯ), ᏄᏍᏛ ᏨᏓᏓnusdv tsvdadakenedi ᎤᏣᏘᎾ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏐᎯ ᎯᎠ raindrop, ᎠᎴ ᎠᏔᏃᏲ atsinuqowisgv ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎤᏅᏌ ᎠᏓᏅᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ raindrop. ᎯᎠ ᎠᏨᏍᏛ ᎠᏓᏅᏍᎦ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎠᏰᏍᏛᏗ ᎦᏬᎯᎸᏙᏗ ᎠᏯᏖᎾ ᏓᏍᏓᏅᏅ ᏚᎷᏨ, ᎬᏙᏗ ᎦᎸᎳᏗᎨ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎢᎦᏘ 40.6°–42°.

ᎤᏁᎬ ᎠᏨᏍᏛ ᏧᏓᎴᎿᎢ ᎾᎾᎯ ᏄᏓᎴᎿᎥ colour (wavelength) ᎾᎿ ᎠᏂᏴᎯᎲ ᎯᎠ raindrop ᎢᎬᏂᏏᏍᎩ ᎩᎦᎨ ᎠᏨᏍᏛ ᎨᏒᎢ refracted ᎾᎥᎢ adatolasdisgi ᏓᏍᏓᏅᏅ ᏚᎷᏨ ᎬᎾᏬᏍᎬ ᏌᎪᏂᎨ ᎠᏨᏍᏛ. ᎾᎿ ᎠᏓᏅᏍᎦ ᎯᎠ raindrop, ᎯᎠ ᎩᎦᎨ ᎠᏨᏍᏛ ᎤᎭ ᎤᎦᏔᎲᏒ ᏗᎬᏩᎶᏒ ᎠᏂᎦᏲᎵ ᏓᏍᏓᏅᏅ ᏚᎷᏨ ᎬᎾᏬᏍᎬ ᎯᎠ ᏌᎪᏂᎨ ᎠᏨᏍᏛ, ᎠᏛᎯᏍᏗᏍᎬ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ.

ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎾᏛᏁ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎤᏙᎯᏳᎯᏯ ᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᏄᏍᏗ ᎾᎾᎢ ᎦᎷᎯᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎦᎷᎾᏗ, ᎠᎴ ᎤᏟ ᎬᏰᎸᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎠᎪᏩᏛᏗ ᏂᎦᎵᏍᏔᏂᏙᎲ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᏤᎵ ᎬᎪᏩᏛᏗ ᎾᎿ ᎦᏙᎬ ᎠᎵᏍᎦᏍᏙᏗ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ ᎾᎿ ᎤᏤᎵ ᎦᎷᎯᏍᏗ. ᏂᎦᏛ raindrops refract ᎠᎴ ᏄᏍᏛ ᏨᏓᏓnusdv tsvdadakenedi ᎯᎠ sunlight ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏠᏱ ᎦᎶᎯᏍᏗ, ᎠᎴ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᏩᏒ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏨᏍᏛ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎢᎦᏛ raindrops ᎠᏙᏯᏅᎯᏗᎠ ᎯᎠ ᎾᎿ ᎤᏤᎵ agatoli. ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ raindrops ᎠᎴ perceived ᎪᏪᎳᏅ ᎠᎪᎵᏰᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎾᎥᎢ Ꮎ ᎾᎿ. ᎯᎠ ᎾᎿ ᎦᏙᎬ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎦᎷᎾᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ ᏂᎪᎯᎸᎢ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎿᏗᏢ ᎢᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᎯᎠ ᏅᏙ ᎢᎦ ᎡᎯ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎪᎯᏳᎯ ᎯᎠ ᎾᎿ, ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎨᏒᎢ ᏂᎪᎯᎸᎢ ᎠᏍᏓᏩᏛᏍᏗ brighter ᎬᎾᏬᏍᎬ ᎯᎠ ᏙᏯᏗᏢ. ᎯᎠ ᎦᎵᏣᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ centred ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏓᏴᎳᏛ ᎯᎠ ᎾᎿ ᎤᏤᎵ ᎠᏍᎪᎵ, ᎠᎴ ᎤᏟ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎧᎵ ᏗᏙᎳᎩ ᎾᎾᎢ ᎯᎠ antisolar ᎪᏍᏓᏱ (ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎡᎳᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏚᎳᏗ ᎾᎯᏳᎨᏒ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎦ), ᎦᎾᏄᎪᎬᎢ ᎾᎾᎢ ᏓᏍᏓᏅᏅ ᏚᎷᏨ ᎾᎥᏂᎨᏍᏙᏗᏇ 40°–42° ᎯᎠ ᎠᏍᏓᏅᏅ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎯᎠ ᎾᎿ ᎤᏤᎵ ᎠᏍᎪᎵ ᎠᎴ Ꮝ ᎤᏓᏴᎳᏛ. ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏄᎵᏍᏔᏅ, ᎢᏳᏃ ᎯᎠ ᏅᏙ ᎢᎦ ᎡᎯ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎦᎸᎳᏗᎨᏍᏙᏗ ᎬᎾᏬᏍᎬ 42°, ᎾᎯᏳᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎡᎳᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏚᎳᏗ ᎠᎴ ᏝᏰᎵ ᎾᏍᏋ ᎠᎪᎲᎢ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎾᎿᎢ ᎠᎴ ᎤᏠᏱᎭ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᏰᎵᏊ raindrops ᎠᏰᎵ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏚᎳᏗ (Ꮎ ᎨᏒᎢ: agatoli ᏂᎦᏛᎢ) ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏙᎯ, ᎠᎵᏍᎪᎸᏙᏗ. ᏌᏊ ᏓᎦᏘᎴᎬ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎯᎳᎪ ᎢᏳ ᎯᎠ ᎾᎿ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎾᎾᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏚᎢ ᎣᏓᎸ ᎠᎴ ᎤᏠᏱ vantage ᎪᏍᏓᏱ, ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᏱᏓᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ ᏥᏳ (ᎠᎪᏩᏛᏗ ᎡᎳᏗᏢ). ᏄᏓᎴ ᏓᎦᏘᎴᎬ ᏄᎵᏍᏔᏅ ᎯᎳᎪ ᎢᏳ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎠᏛᎯᏍᏔᏅ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎠᏫᏒᏅ sprinkler. ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᏁᎳᎩ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎪᎯ ᎦᎸᏛ ᎧᏁᏌᎢ ᎠᎩᏍᏗᏱ ᏰᎵᏊ ᎪᎭᏍᎬ ᎤᏅᏌ ᎠᏎ ᎾᏍᏋ ᎤᏙᎯᏳ ᎤᏍᏗ, ᏄᎵᏍᏔᏅ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎾᎥᏂᎨᏍᏙᏗ colourless ᎦᎵᏣᏗ.

ᎾᏍᎩ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎤᏦᏍᏗ ᏣᎦᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ ᎯᎠ ᎧᎵᏬᎯ ᎠᏗᏌᏓᏗᏍᏗ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ, ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᏯᏓᎢᏗᏏ ᎧᏁᏍᏗ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᏗ ᏓᏍᏓᏅᏅ ᏚᎷᏨ ᏗᎧᏃᏗᎢ 84°. ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ 35 mm ᏗᏓᏟᎶᏍᏙᏗ, ᏗᏓᎨᏗ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎠᏰᎵ ᏂᎦᏅᎯᏒ 19 mm ᎠᎴ ᎦᏲᎵᎨ ᏯᏓᎢᏗᏏ ᎾᏍᏋ ᎧᏁᏨ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᏗ, iyuwakodi ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᏗᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅᏍᎩ ᎠᎴ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᏩᏒ ᏄᏓᎷᎸᎾ ᎤᎭ 28 mm ᎠᏯᏖᎾ-ᏓᏍᏓᏅᏅ ᏚᎷᏨ ᏗᏓᎨᏗ. ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᏥᏳ, ᏌᏊ ᎤᎭ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏓᏜᏅᏓᏕᎲ ᎠᎪᏩᏛᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏂᎦᏛ ᎦᏐᏆᎸ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ, ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏃᎯᎵᏙ ᎤᏤᎵ ᎤᏓᏴᎳᏛ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏰᎵ. ᎪᎯ ᏂᎦᎵᏍᏔᏂᏙᎲ ᏰᎵᏇ ᎾᏍᏋ ᎤᏦᎠᏎᏔᏅ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏩᎦᎸᎳᏗᏴ, ᎠᎴ ᏩᎦᎸᎳᏗᏴ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎤᏠᏱᎭ ᎤᏣᏘ ᎠᏂᎦᏲᎵ, ᎫᏢᎥᏍᎬ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᏩᏒ 5°–20°, ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏚᎦᏘᎸᏒ ᎦᏬᎯᎸᏙᏗ 80° ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎧᎵ ᎦᏐᏆᎸ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ.

ᎦᏣᏄᎳ ᎠᎴ ᎢᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᎠᏨᏍᏛ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏭᏚᎸᏛ ᏗᎬᏙᏗ?

1. ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏅᏙᎲᏅ ᏂᎦᏛ frequencies ᎠᏨᏍᏛ ᎡᏙᎵᏙᎲ ᎾᎾᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏠᏱ ᎦᏣᏄᎳ ᎠᎴ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏭᏚᎸᏛ ᎬᏙᏗ, ᎯᎠ ᎦᏣᏄᎳ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎠᎦᏲᎳᏛᎯ.
2. ᎯᎠ ᎠᎾᎵᏐᏈᎸᏍᎬ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏣᏄᎳ ᎠᏨᏍᏛ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏅᏙᎲᏅ, c, ᎯᎠ ᎦᏣᏄᎳ ᎠᏨᏍᏛ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏭᏚᎸᏛ ᎬᏙᏗ, v, ᎨᏒᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏩᏛᏗ ᎤᏥᏍᏆᏙᏏᏰᏛ, n = c / v.
3. n ᎢᏗᎦᏗ ᎬᏩᏚᏫᏛ 1.333 ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᎹ

ᎯᎠ ᏧᎾᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎦᏣᏄᎳ ᏂᏕᎬᏂᏏᏍᎬ ᎯᎠ ᎢᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᎠᏨᏍᏛ ᎦᏅᎯᏓ ᎦᎾᎳᏗᏍᏗ ᏧᎾᏍᏗ. ᎾᎿᎢ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎠᎾᎵᏐᏈᎸᏍᎬ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎯᎠ ᏓᏍᏓᏅᏅ ᏚᎷᏨ ᎾᎾᎢ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎠᏨᏍᏛ ᎠᏴᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᏧᎦᎶᎦ ᎠᏍᏓᏅᏅ ᎠᏰᎵ ᏭᏚᎸᏛ ᏗᎬᏙᏗ ᎬᏙᏗ ᏄᏓᎴᎿᎥ indices ᎤᏥᏍᏆᏙᏏᏰᏛ ᎤᏯᏅᎲ Snell ᎤᏤᎵ ᏗᎧᎿᏩᏛᏍᏗ.

It is: n1 * sin (theta1) = n2 * sin (theta2)

ᏗᎧᏃᎩᏛ

ᎢᏳᏓᎵᎭᏊ, ᏔᎵᏁ, dimmer ᎠᏂᎦᏲᎵ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎠᎪᎲᎢ ᏙᏯᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎬᏱ ᎠᎴᏅᏗ ᎦᎵᏣᏗ. ᎠᏂᎦᏲᎵ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎠᎴ ᎢᎬᏂᏌᏅᎯ ᎾᎥᎢ ᏔᎵ ᎢᏳᏩᎫᏘ ᏄᏍᏛ ᏛᏙᏓᎧᏂᏍᎬ sunlight ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ raindrops, ᎠᎴ ᎦᎾᏄᎪᎢᏍᏗ ᎾᎾᎢ ᏓᏍᏓᏅᏅ ᏚᎷᏨ 50°–53°. ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏄᎵᏍᏔᏅ ᎯᎠ ᏔᎵᏁ ᏄᏍᏛ ᏛᏙᏓᎧᏂᏍᎬ, ᎯᎠ colours ᎠᏂᎦᏲᎵ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏰᎵ ᏗᏂᎦᏘᎴᎩ ᎤᏠᏱᎭᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎬᏱ ᎠᎴᏅᏗ ᎦᎵᏣᏗ, ᎬᏙᏗ ᏌᎪᏂᎨ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ ᏙᏯᏗᏢ ᎠᎴ ᎩᎦᎨ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ. ᎯᎠ ᎤᎳᏏᎩ ᎡᏍᎦᏂ unlit ᎦᎷᎾᏗ ᎠᏝᎥ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎬᏱ ᎠᎴᏅᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏂᎦᏲᎵ ᎦᎵᏣᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎤᏯᏅᎲ Alexander ᎤᏤᎵ ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ, ᎤᎶᏐᏅ Alexander ᎠᎾᎵᏖᎸᎲᏍᎬ ᎦᏁᏰᎩ ᎦᎪ ᎢᎬᏱ ᏄᏍᏛ ᎧᏃᎮᎸ ᎾᏍᎩ.

ᎢᎦᏛ ᎠᏨᏍᏛ ᏄᏍᏛ ᏨᏓᏓnusdv tsvdadakenedi ᏔᎵ ᎢᏳᏩᎫᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ raindrop ᎤᏓᎷᎸ ᎠᏁᎳᏗᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ viewer. ᎯᎳᎪ ᎢᏳ ᎯᎠ ᏄᎵᏍᏔᏂᏙᎸ ᎠᏨᏍᏛ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎤᏙᎯᏳ ᏧᎸᏌᏓ, ᎪᎯ ᏰᎵᏇ ᎾᏍᏋ ᎠᎪᎲᎢ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎠᏂᎦᏲᎵ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ, brightest ᎾᎾᎢ 50°–53°.

ᏔᎵ ᎢᏳᏩᎫᏘ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᏄᏍᏛ ᏗᎨᎦᏃᏗ reversed colours ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ outer (ᎠᏂᎦᏲᎵ) ᎦᎵᏣᏗ, ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎳᏏᎩ Alexander ᎤᏤᎵ ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎯᎠ ᎦᎵᏣᏗ.

ᏦᎢᏁ, ᎠᎴ ᏦᎢ, ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᏰᎵᏇ ᎾᏍᏋ ᎠᎪᎲᎢ ᎾᎿ ᎢᏳᏓᎵᎭ ᎢᏳᏓᎵᎭ, ᎠᎴ ᎦᏲᎵ ᎾᎿ ᎤᎭ ᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᎢᎬᏁᎸ ᎥᎪᏩᏘᏍᎬ ᏅᎩᏁ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎤᎳᏏᎬᎢ outermost ᎠᏗᏌᏓᏗᏍᏗ ᎠᏰᎲ rippling ᎠᎴ pulsating ᎦᎾᏄᎪᏨᎢ. ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᏯᏓᎢᏗᏏ ᎦᎾᏄᎪᎢᏍᏗ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏠᏱ ᎠᏍᏆᎨᏂ ᎯᎠ ᎦᎷᎾᏗ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏅᏙ ᎢᎦ ᎡᎯ, ᎠᏃᏢᏍᎬ ᎠᏂ ᎠᏍᏓᏯ ᎤᏓᏓᎸ.

ᏧᏓᎴᎾᎢ-enhanced ᏣᎦᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ ᎦᏟᏐᏗᎩ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ, ᎬᏙᏗ ᏗᎦᏟᏌᏅᎯ ᎢᏤ ᎢᏳᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎩᎨᏍᏗ ᎠᏗᏌᏓᏗᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎬᏱ ᎠᎴᏅᏗ ᎦᎵᏣᏗ.

ᎢᎬᏱ ᎠᎴᏅᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏂᎦᏲᎵ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎠᎴ ᎬᎪᏩᏛᏗ, ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎠᏔᎴᏒ ᎠᎹᏱ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ reflected ᎢᎬᏱ ᎠᎴᏅᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏍᏓᏩᏛᏍᏗ ᎬᎪᏩᏛᏗ ᏄᏍᏛ ᏛᏙᏓᎧᏂᏍᎬ ᎢᎬᏱ ᎠᎴᏅᏗ.

ᎢᏳᏓᎵᎭᏊ, ᏄᏓᎴ ᎤᏬᏚᎯ ᎠᎴ ᎬᏂᎲᎢ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᏂᎦᎵᏍᏔᏂᏙᎲ ᏰᎵᏇ ᎾᏍᏋ ᎠᎦᏎᏍᏔᏅ, ᎤᏠᏯᏍᏛ ᎯᎸᏍᎩ ᎤᎸᏕᎸ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᏍᏆᎨᏂ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎬᏱ ᎠᎴᏅᏗ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ, ᎠᎴ ᎤᏙᎯᏳ ᎢᏅᎯ ᎢᏳᏓᎵ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᏙᏯᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏂᎦᏲᎵ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ. ᎤᏅᏌ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏍᏓᏩᏛᏍᏗ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎤᎭ ᏗᎧᏃᏗ colour ᎦᏚ ᎠᏄᏬᏍᏗ Ꮎ ᎿᏛᎦ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᏰᎵ ᎢᎩᏛ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏠᏱ ᏗᏟᎶᏍᏙᏗ. ᎤᏅᏌ ᎠᎴ ᎤᎾᏅᏛ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎦᏟᏐᏗᎩ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ, ᎠᎴ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᏰᎵᏊ ᏗᎪᏏᏐᏗ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᏄᏍᏛᎢ ᎬᏗᏍᎬᎢ ᎠᏓᏙᎵᏍᏗ geometric ᎠᏨᏍᏛ. ᎯᎠ ᏒᏃᏱ ᎡᎯ ᏅᏙ ᎤᎸᏕᎸ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎠᎴ ᎢᎬᏂᏌᏅᎯ ᎾᎥᎢ ᏂᏓᏙᎳᎬᎾ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎠᏨᏍᏛ ᎠᏨᏍᏛ ᎠᏍᏓᏩᏗᏒ ᎠᏍᏓᏩᏛᏍᏗ ᏄᏓᎴᎿᎥ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎦᏅᏅ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎠᏍᏓᏩᏛᏍᏗ ᏧᏓᎴᎾᎯ ᏂᎦᏅᎯᏒ ᎭᏫᏂᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ raindrops. ᎢᎦᏛ ᎠᏨᏍᏛ ᎠᎴ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ dadanetlivysegv, reinforcing ᎠᏂᏏᏴᏫᎭ ᏐᎢ ᏗᎬᏩᎶᏒ ᎤᏍᏆᏂᎪᏗ ᏂᏓᏙᎳᎬᎾ, creating ᏧᎸᏌᏓ ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ; ᎠᏂᏐᎢ ᎠᎴ atsinuqowisgv dadanetlivysegv ᎾᎥᎢ ᎦᎸᎳᏗᏢ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎢᏴ wavelength, cancelling ᎠᏂᏏᏴᏫᎭ ᏐᎢ atsinuqowisgv ᏗᎬᏩᎶᏒ ᎤᏲᏨᎯ ᏂᏓᏙᎳᎬᎾ, ᎠᎴ creating ᎠᏍᏆᎵᏍᏗ. ᎠᏓᏁᎸ ᎯᎠ ᏄᏓᎴᎿᎥ ᏓᏍᏓᏅᏅ ᏚᎷᏨ ᎤᏥᏍᏆᏙᏏᏰᏛ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎠᏨᏍᏛ ᏄᏓᎴᎿᎥ colours, ᎯᎠ ᏧᎾᏟᎶᏍᏙᏗ ᏂᏓᏙᎳᎬᎾ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏍᏓᏩᏛᏍᏗ ᏄᏓᎴᎿᎥ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎠᏨᏍᏛ ᏄᏓᎴᎿᎥ colours, ᎾᏍᎩ ᎢᎬᏂᏏᏍᎩ ᎠᏂᏏᏴᏫᎭ ᏧᎸᏌᏓ ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ ᎨᏒᎢ differentiated ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ colour, creating ᎠᏂᎶᏁᏍᎬ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ. Supernumary ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎠᎴ clearest ᎯᎳᎪ ᎢᏳ raindrops ᎠᎴ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎤᏠᏱ ᏂᎬᎢ. ᎯᎠ ᎤᏙᎯᏳ ᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᏄᏍᏛᎢ supernumary ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎧᏃᎮᏍᎩ ᏄᎵᏍᏔᏅ ᎢᎬᏱ ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᏗᏂᏱᎴᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏓᏍᏟᏁᎦ ᎤᏁᎳᏅ ᎤᏬᏢᏅ ᎠᏨᏍᏛ, ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎬᏱ ᏗᎪᏏᏌᏅ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎠᏓᏁᎳᏅ ᎾᎥᎢ Thomas ᎠᏲᎵ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ 1804.

ᏐᎢ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ variants ᎠᎴ ᎠᏛᎯᏍᏔᏅ ᎯᎳᎪ ᎢᏳ sunlight ᏄᏍᏛ ᏨᏓᏓnusdv tsvdadakenedi ᎤᏣᏘᎾ ᎠᏰᎸ ᎠᎹ. ᎭᏢᏃ sunlight ᏄᏍᏛ ᏨᏓᏓnusdv tsvdadakenedi ᎤᏣᏘᎾ ᎠᎹ ᎤᏓᎷᎸ ᎠᎾᏙᏯᏅᎯᏗᏍᎬ ᎯᎠ raindrops, ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏛᎯᏍᏗ ᏄᏍᏛ ᏛᏙᏓᎧᏂᏍᎬ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ. ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎠᏓᏲᏔᎡᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏠᏱ ᎤᎵᏍᏛ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏄᎶᏒᏍᏛᎾ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎠᎴ ᎦᏃᎴᏍᎬ ᎢᏅ ᎡᏆ ᎢᎨᏍᏙᏗ ᎠᏗᏌᏓᏗᏍᏗ ᎯᎳᎪ ᎢᏳ ᏂᎦᏛ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎬᎪᏩᏛᏗ. ᎢᏧᎳ ᎢᎬᏱ ᎠᎴᏅᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏂᎦᏲᎵ ᏄᏍᏛ ᏛᏙᏓᎧᏂᏍᎬ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᏰᎵᏇ ᎾᏍᏋ ᎠᎦᏎᏍᏔᏅ.

reflected ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ, ᎾᎥᎢ ᏧᏓᎴᎾᎢ, ᎨᏒᎢ ᎠᏛᎯᏍᏔᏅ ᎯᎳᎪ ᎢᏳ ᎠᏨᏍᏛ Ꮎ ᎤᎭ ᎢᎬᏱ ᏭᏪᏙᎢ reflected ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ raindrops ᎾᎯᏳᎢ ᏄᏍᏛ ᏨᏓᏓnusdv tsvdadakenedi ᎤᏣᏘᎾ ᎠᏰᎸ ᎠᎹ ᎤᏓᎷᎸ ᎠᎾᏙᏯᏅᎯᏗᏍᎬ ᎯᎠ ᎾᎿ. reflected ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᏓᏎᏘ ᎾᏍᎩᏯᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎬᏱ ᎠᎴᏅᏗ ᎦᎵᏣᏗ, ᎠᎴ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎠᎲᏏᏓᏍᏗ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎢᎦᏘ ᎦᏛᎢ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ ᏅᏙ ᎢᎦ ᎡᎯ ᎤᏤᎵ ᏂᎦᏛᎢ. ᎢᏧᎳ ᎢᏗᎦᎪᏘ ᏰᎵᏇ ᎾᏍᏋ ᎠᎪᎲᎢ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎾᏍᎩᏯᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏚᏳᎪᏛ.

ᎧᏃᎮᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ agatohvsdi ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ

ᎯᎠ Persian ᎡᎶᎯ Qutb ᎦᎾᏄᎪᏫᏒ-ᎤᎳᏂᎬᎬ ᎦᎾᏄᎪᏫᏒ-Shirazi (1236-1311), ᎠᎴ ᎠᏎᏱᎩ ᎤᏤᎵ ᏕᏕᎶᏆᏍᎩ Kamal ᎦᎾᏄᎪᏫᏒ-ᎤᎳᏂᎬᎬ ᎦᎾᏄᎪᏫᏒ-Farisi (1260-1320), ᎨᏒᎢ ᏁᎵᏒ ᎤᎭ ᎢᎬᏱ ᎠᏓᏁᎸ ᏰᎵ ᎣᏏ ᎧᎵ ᏗᏙᎳᎩ ᏗᎪᏏᏌᏅ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᏂᎦᎵᏍᏔᏂᏙᎲ [1]. ᎯᎠ ᏗᎦᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ Robert Grosseteste ᎾᎿ ᎠᏨᏍᏛ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎤᎵᏱᎸᏛ ᎾᎥᎢ Roger ᎭᏫᏯ ᎤᎧᏲᏒ, ᎦᎪ ᎤᏬᏪᎳᏅ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎤᏤᎵ Opus Majus 1268 ᎬᏩᏚᏫᏛ ᎠᎦᏛᏗ ᏄᏍᏛ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎠᏨᏍᏛ ᎤᏥᏍᏓᎷᎩᏍᎬ ᏗᎬᏩᎶᏒ ᎤᏓᏅᏖᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎠᎹ ᎠᏍᏓᏩᏛᏍᏗ ᎠᎾᏓᏎᎮᎲᎢ ᎯᎠ colours ᎯᎠ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ. Theodoric Freiberg ᎨᏒᎢ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᎤᎾᏅᏛ ᎤᎭ ᎠᏓᏁᎸ ᎧᎵ ᏗᏙᎳᎩ ᏄᏍᏗᏓᏅ ᏗᎪᏏᏌᏅ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎬᏱ ᎠᎴᏅᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏂᎦᏲᎵ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ 1307. ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏍᎦᏯ ᏗᎪᏏᏌᏅᎯ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎬᏱ ᎠᎴᏅᏗ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ, ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ Ꮎ "ᎯᎳᎪ ᎢᏳ sunlight ᎦᎶᏍᎦ ᎾᎿ ᎠᏂᏏᏴᏫᎭ ᎪᎭᏍᎬ ᎤᎯᏌᏛ, ᎯᎠ ᎠᏨᏍᏛ ᏂᎦᎵᏍᏔᏂᏙᎲ ᏔᎵ ᎤᏥᏍᏆᏙᏏᏰᏛ (ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᎷᎯᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏁᎳᏗᏍᏗ) ᎠᎴ ᏌᏊ ᏄᏍᏛ ᏛᏙᏓᎧᏂᏍᎬ (ᎾᎾᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏐᎯ ᎯᎠ ᎪᎭᏍᎬ) ᎤᏓᎷᎸ ᏫᏓᏲᎯᏍᏗ ᎾᎾᎯ ᎯᎠ agatoli ᎯᎠ ᎾᎿ" (ᎧᏁᎢᏍᏔᏅ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ David C, Lindberg, Roger ᎭᏫᏯ ᎤᎧᏲᏒ ᎤᏤᎵ ᎪᎷᏩᏛᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ: ᎠᎵᎢᎵᏒ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏏᏅᏍᏗ?, ᎤᏁᎳᏅᎯ, Vol. 57, Ꮭ. 2, p. 235). ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏍᎦᏯ ᏗᎪᏏᏌᏅᎯ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏂᎦᏲᎵ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᏗᎬᏩᎶᏒ ᎤᏠᏱ ᏗᎫᎪᏙᏗ ᎢᎬᏁᏗ involving ᏔᎵ ᎤᏥᏍᏆᏙᏏᏰᏛ ᎠᎴ ᏔᎵ ᏄᏍᏛ ᏛᏙᏓᎧᏂᏍᎬ.

René Descartes' ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎯᎳᎪ ᎢᎬᏱ ᎠᎴᏅᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏂᎦᏲᎵ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎠᎴ ᎪᏢᎯ Ꭲgotlvhi ignelvhi

Descartes, ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ 1637, ᎤᏗᏗᏢ ᎠᏓᏌᎳᏙᏗ ᎪᎯ ᏗᎪᏏᏌᏅ. ᎥᎦᏔᎲ Ꮎ ᎯᎠ ᏂᎬᎢ raindrops didn't ᎦᎾᏄᎪᎢᏍᏗ ᎦᎸᏉᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎦᏎᏍᏔᏅ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ, ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏍᎦᏯ experimented ᎬᏙᏗ ᎦᎶᏍᎬ ᎠᏨᏍᏛ ᎠᏨᏍᏛ ᏗᎬᏩᎶᏒ ᎡᏆ ᎠᏓᎨᏗ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎢᎦᏘ ᎠᎧᎵᎸᎯ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎠᎹ. ᎾᎥᎢ ᎠᏟᎶᏍᏗ ᎦᏙᎯ ᎯᎠ ᏓᏍᏓᏅᏅ ᏚᎷᏨ Ꮎ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏨᏍᏛ emerged, ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏍᎦᏯ ᎠᏍᏆᏛ Ꮎ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎬᏱ ᎠᎴᏅᏗ ᎦᎵᏣᏗ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎢᎬᏂᏌᏅᎯ ᎾᎥᎢ ᏏᏴᏫ ᎭᏫᏂ ᏄᏍᏛ ᏛᏙᏓᎧᏂᏍᎬ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ raindrop ᎠᎴ Ꮎ ᎠᏂᎦᏲᎵ ᎦᎵᏣᏗ ᏰᎵᏇ ᎾᏍᏋ ᎢᎬᏂᏌᏅᎯ ᎾᎥᎢ ᏔᎵ ᎭᏫᏂ ᏄᏍᏛ ᏛᏙᏓᎧᏂᏍᎬ. ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏍᎦᏯ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᏰᎵᏆ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᏗ ᎦᏐᎯ ᎪᎯ ᎦᎸᎳᏗᏢ ᎬᏙᏗ ᏂᎬᏂᏏᏍᎬ ᎯᎠ ᏗᎧᎿᏩᏛᏍᏗ ᎤᏥᏍᏆᏙᏏᏰᏛ (ᎠᏍᏓᏩᏗᏒ, ᎠᎴ ᎤᎾᏤᎵᏛ ᎤᎾᏙᏢᎯ , Snell) ᎠᎴ ᎪᏢᎯᏌᏅᎯ ᏗᎫᎪᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏓᏍᏓᏅᏅ ᏚᎷᏨ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎦᎵᏣᏗ. ᎤᏤᎵ ᏗᎪᏏᏌᏅ ᎯᎠ ᏧᏓᎴᏅᏓ ᏗᎧᏃᏗ, ᏱᏂᎬᏛᎾ, ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᏚᎳᏏᏔᏅᎩ ᎾᎿ ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᎪᏢᏙᏗ ᏅᎬᎪᏔᏅᎯ ᎯᎠ ᎧᏃᎮᎸᎯ ᎪᎷᏩᏛᏗ Ꮎ ᏧᏓᎴᏅᏓ ᏗᎧᏃᏗ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎠᏛᎯᏍᏔᏅ ᎾᎥᎢ ᏧᏓᎴᎿᎢ ᎤᏁᎬ ᎠᏨᏍᏛ.

Isaac Newton ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎬᏱ ᎠᏓᏃᎮᏗ Ꮎ ᎤᏁᎬ ᎠᏨᏍᏛ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎠᏒᎾᏍᏗᏱ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏨᏍᏛ ᏂᎦᏛ ᎯᎠ colours ᎯᎠ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ, ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎠᏓᎨᏗ ᏓᏍᏓᏅᏅ ᏚᎷᏨ ᏰᎵᏇ ᏧᏓᎴᎿᎢ ᎾᎾᎯ ᎯᎠ ᎧᎵ ᏗᎧᏃᏗ colours, ᎠᏓᏯᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎪᎷᏩᏛᏗ Ꮎ ᎯᎠ ᏧᏓᎴᏅᏓ ᏗᎧᏃᏗ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎠᏛᎯᏍᏔᏅ ᎾᎥᎢ ᏧᏓᎴᎿᎢ ᎤᏁᎬ ᎠᏨᏍᏛ. ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏍᎦᏯ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᎤᏓᏎᎮᎸᎩ Ꮎ ᎩᎦᎨ ᎠᏨᏍᏛ ᏓᎩᏍᎬᎢ refracted ᎦᏲᎵᎨ ᎬᎾᏬᏍᎬ ᏌᎪᏂᎨ ᎠᏨᏍᏛ, ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎤᏗᏅᏒᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎬᏱ ᎠᏏᎾᏍᏛ ᏗᎪᏏᏌᏅ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏂᏯᏩᏍᎩ ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏒ ᏄᏍᏛ ᏗᎨᎦᏃᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ. Newton ᎤᏤᎵ ᎠᏍᏓᏩᏛᏍᏗ ᎪᎷᏩᏛᏗ ᎠᏨᏍᏛ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᏰᎵ ᏄᎵᏂᎬᎬᎾ ᏗᎪᏏᏐᏗ supernumary ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ, ᎠᎴ ᎧᎵ ᏗᏙᎳᏍᏔᏅ ᏗᎪᏏᏌᏅ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎠᏩᏛᏗ iyuwakodi Thomas ᎠᏲᎵ realised Ꮎ ᎠᏨᏍᏛ ᎠᎳᏏᎾᎯᏍᏙᏗ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏓᏍᏟᏁᎦ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎤᏙᎯᏳ ᏄᏍᏗᏓᏅ, ᎠᎴ ᏰᎵᏇ ᎠᏲᎠᏍᏙᏗ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎤᏩᏌᏊ.

ᎠᏲᎵ ᎤᏤᎵ ᏗᎦᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᏗᎧᏃᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ 1820s ᎾᎥᎢ George Biddell ᎥᏝ ᎪᎱᏍᏗ, ᎦᎪ ᏗᎪᏏᏌᏅᎯ ᎯᎠ ᏄᏍᏗᏓᏅ ᎯᎠ ᏄᎵᏂᎬᎬ ᎯᎠ colours ᎯᎠ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ ᏂᎬᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎹ ᎠᏍᏓᏩᏛᏍᏗ. ᎪᎯᏊ ᎢᏴ ᏥᎩ ᏄᎵᏂᎬᎬ ᏄᏍᏛ ᏗᎧᏃᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎠᎴ ᏚᎳᏏᏔᏅᎩ ᎾᎿ Mie ᏗᏗᎦᎴᏴ, ᏗᎦᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ ᎦᎴᏴᏔᏅᎯ ᎾᎥᎢ Gustav Mie ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ 1908. ᎠᏓᏌᎳᏙᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ computational ᎢᏗᎬᎾᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎠᎪᏩᏛᏗ ᎪᎷᏩᏛᏗ ᎬᎵᏱᎵᏒ ᎦᏂ fuller ᎪᎵᏍᏗᏱ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ. ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᏱᏓᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ, Nussenzveig ᏓᏓᏁᎳᏁ ᎪᎯᏊ ᎢᏴ ᏥᎩ overviewTemplate:Ref.

ᎯᎠ ᎤᎵᏍᏛ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ.

File:Peter Paul Rubens 074.jpg

ᏔᎵ ᎢᏳᏩᎫᏘ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎦᏙᎯ ᏄᏍᏗᏓᏅ ᎪᎢ ᎠᏂᎶᏁᏍᎬ ᎾᎥᎢ Peter Rubens.

ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎥᎦᏔᎲᎢ

ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏗᏁᎸᏙᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎤᏁᎳᏅᎯ

ᎯᎠ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎤᎭ ᎾᎿᎢ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏄᎵᏍᏔᏂᏙᎸ ᎤᏍᏆᎸᎲ Ꮝ ᎤᏬᏚ ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏦᎠᏎᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏓᏃᏏᏏᏍᎬ ᎯᎠ ᏂᎦᎵᏍᏔᏂᏙᎲ ᎤᏓᎷᎸ ᎯᎠ ᏗᎦᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ Descartes ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ 17th sqohitsuqui tsudetiyvdi (ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᏁᎳᎩ, ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎤᏁᎢᏍᏔᏅᎩ ᎦᎸᎳᏗᏢ, Theodoric Freiburg ᎠᏰᎲ ᎠᏓᏁᎸ ᎧᎵ ᏗᏙᎳᏍᏔᏅ ᏗᎪᏏᏌᏅ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ 13th sqohitsuqui tsudetiyvdi.)

ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᎪᎢ ᎤᏁᎳᏅᎯ, ᎯᎠ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎠᎦᏎᏍᏔᏅ ᎾᏍᏋ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎦᏅᏅ ᎪᏢᏅᎯ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎠᏂᏙᎯ (ᏗᎦᏣᏄᎶ ᎤᎾᏣ) ᎠᏰᎵ ᎡᎶᎯ ᎠᎴ ᎦᎸᎳᏗ ᏦᏒ. ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ Chinese ᎤᏁᎳᏅᎯ, ᎯᎠ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎠᎽᏰᎵ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎦᎷᎾᏗ sealed ᎾᎥᎢ ᎬᎨᏳᎢ Nüwa ᎬᏗᏍᎬᎢ ᎠᏂᏅᏯ ᎯᏍᎩ ᏄᏓᎴᎿᎥ colours. ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ Hindu ᎤᏁᎳᏅᎯ, ᎯᎠ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎤᏯᏅᎲ Indradhanush, ᎦᏛᎬᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎦᎵᏣᏗ Indra, ᎯᎠ ᎤᏁᎳᏅᎯ ᎠᎾᎦᎵᏍᎬ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏴᏓᏆᎶᏍᎬ. ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ Norse ᎤᏁᎳᏅᎯ, ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎤᏯᏅᎲ ᎯᎠ Bifröst ᎠᏒᏢᎢ ᏗᎵᎪᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏔᏂᏗ ᎦᏙᎯ Ásgard ᎠᎴ ᎡᎶᎯ, ᏚᏁᏅᏒ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏁᎸ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏂᏴᏫ, ᎨᏥᎸᏉᏗᏳ. ᎯᎠ ᎦᏁᎳ ᎤᏁᎫᏥᏛ ᎤᏤᎵ ᎤᏕᎵᏓ ᎠᏓᎸᎾᏍᏗ ᎾᎿᎢ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎤᏤᎵ ᏧᎬᏩᎶᏗ ᎠᎦᏘᏯ ᎠᏕᎸ ᏓᎶᏂᎨ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎤᏠᏱᎭ ᏄᏪᏒᎩ ᎾᏍᏋ ᎾᎾᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎵᏍᏛ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ (ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ ᏰᎵ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎠᏙᏯᏅᎯᏗᏍᏗ). ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏦᎠᏎᏗ ᏧᎭᎨᏓ ᎪᏪᎵ, ᎯᎠ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎨᏒᎢ ᏗᎬᏟᎶᏍᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ atuyasdodi ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏁᎳᏅᎯ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏍᎦᏯ, ᎠᎴ ᎤᏁᎳᏅᎯ ᎤᏤᎵ atuyasdodi Noah Ꮎ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏍᎦᏯ ᏯᏓᎢᏗᏏ ᎥᏝ ᎠᏏᏇ ᎦᏃᎱᎩᏍᎬ ᎯᎠ ᏂᎦᏛ ᎡᎶᎯ. ᎯᎠ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎤᎭ ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᏗᏙᎳᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏗᎬᏟᎶᏍᏙᏗ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎪᎯᏊ ᎢᏴ ᏥᎩ ᎠᏓᏅᏏᏙᎠ ᎭᏫᏂᏗᏢ ᎦᎵᏓᏍᏛ ᎤᏯᏅᎲ B'nei Noah. B'nei Noah ᎠᎴ ᎬᏙᏗ-atogiyadv ᎦᎪ ᎬᎵᏱᎵᏒ ᎠᏍᏓᏩᏛᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᏫᎦᎶᎯᏍᏗ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᏧᏂᎦᏴᎵᎨ ᎢᏳᎵᏍᏔᏅ Noah. ᎯᎠ Noahide ᎠᏓᏅᏏᏙᎠ ᎤᎭ Ꮝ ᎠᎲᏏᏓᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ Jewish ᎧᏃᎮᎸᎯ, ᎧᎵ ᏗᎪᎥᎯ ᎯᎠ ᎦᎾᏄᎪᏫᏒ.

ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎪᏪᎸ ᏄᏍᏗᏓᏅ

Virginia Woolf ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏨᏍᏛ highlights ᎯᎠ ᎠᏓᏁᎳᏅᎯ ᎥᎴᏂᏙᎲ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏍᎦᏯ ᎤᏤᎵ ᎠᏓᏁᎳᏅᎯ ᏗᎬᏩᎶᏒ ᎠᎨᏴ Ramsey ᎤᏤᎵ ᏁᎵᏒ, "ᎾᏍᎩ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᏂᎦᏛ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎠᏓᏁᎳᏅᎯ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ"

ᏗᎧᏃᎩᏛ William Wordsworth ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ 1802, "My Heart Leaps Up When I Behold The Rainbow", ᎠᎴᏂᏍᎬ:

ᎠᏆᏤᎵ ᎠᏓᏅᏙ ᎠᏓᎾᏫᏛᏗ ᎦᎸᎳᏗᏢ ᎯᎳᎪ ᎢᏳ ᎠᏯ ᎯᎪᏩᏛ

ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎦᎷᎾᏗ:

ᎾᏍᎩ ᎢᎬᏂᏏᏍᎩ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎳᎪ ᎢᏳ ᎠᏆᏤᎵ ᎥᎴᏂᏙᎲ ᎤᎴᏅᎲ;

ᎾᏍᎩ ᎢᎬᏂᏏᏍᎩ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏊ ᎠᏯ ᎠᏍᎦᏯ;

ᎾᏍᎩ ᎢᎬᏂᏏᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏋ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎳᎪ ᎢᏳ ᎠᏯ ᎠᏎᎢ ᎠᏛᏍᎬ ᎠᎦᏴᎵ,

ᎠᎴ ᎤᎵᏍᎪᎸᏔᏅ ᎠᏴ ᎠᏲᎱᎯᏍᏗ!…

"Harpe ᏧᎬᏩᎶᏗ ᎠᎦᏘᏯ Lumière" ᏗᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ ᎾᎥᎢ Georges Noblet

ᏱᏂᎬᏛᎾ, ᎯᎠ Newtonian deconstruction ᎯᎠ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎨᏒᎢ ᏄᏪᏒᎩ ᎤᎭ provoked ᎦᎳᏅᎯ Keats ᏗᎧᏃᎩᏛ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎤᏤᎵ ᏗᎧᏃᎩᏛ "Lamia" ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ 1820:

ᎿᏛᎦ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᏂᎦᏛ ᎣᏍᏛ ᎠᏓᏅᏓᏓ tvga

ᎾᎾᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᏩᏒ ᎠᏒᎾᏍᏗ ᎤᏴᏢ ᎤᏬᎳᏨᎯ?

ᎾᎿᎢ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎤᎶᏒᏍᏔᏅ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᏌᏊ ᎢᏳᏩᎫᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎦᎸᎳᏗ ᏦᏒ:

ᎢᏧᎳ ᎣᎾᏛ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᎨᏴ woof, ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᎨᏴ ᎦᏅᏙᎬ; ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᎨᏴ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎠᏓᏁᎸ

ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎪᏍᏗᏳᎵ ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᎠᏓᏅᏍᏙᏗ ᏧᏣᏔᏊ ᏧᏓᎴᏅᏓ.

ᎤᏬᎳᏨᎯ ᏫᎵ ᎦᏂᏴᏙᏗ ᎠᏂᏓᏪᎯ ᎤᏤᎵ ᎪᏯᏛ,

ᎠᏓᏎᎪᎩᏍᏗ ᏂᎦᏛ mysteries ᎾᎥᎢ ᎠᏍᏓᏩᏛᏍᏙᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏍᏓᏅᏅ,

ᎤᏏᏩ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏁᎫᏥᏛ ᎤᏃᎴ, ᎠᎴ gnomed ᎠᏆᏤᎵ –

Unweave ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ

ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏧᏓᎴᎾᎢ ᎪᎯ ᎨᏒᎢ Richard Dawkins; ᎦᏬᏂᏍᎬ ᎬᏩᏚᏫᏛ ᎤᏤᎵ ᎪᏪᎵ Unweaving ᎯᎠ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ: agatohvsdi, ᎦᎵᏓᏍᏛ ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᎣᏲᎢᏏᎬ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎠᏍᏆᏂᎪᎯᏍᏗ:

"ᎠᏆᏤᎵ ᎦᏓ ᎦᏂᏴᏙ ᎨᏒᎢ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ Keats, ᎦᎪ ᎤᏬᎯᏳᏅ Ꮎ Newton ᎠᏰᎲ ᎠᏲᏍᏔᏅ ᏂᎦᏛ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏟᎶᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎠᎦᏲᎳᏗᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏗᎧᏃᏗ colours. Keats ᏰᎵᏇ ᎥᏝᎰᏩ ᎤᎭ ᏭᏪᏙᎢ ᎤᏟ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎦᎵᏓᏍᏔᏅᎯ, ᎠᎴ ᎠᏆᏤᎵ ᎠᎵᏐᏍᏛ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎠᏓᏎᎮᏗ ᏂᎦᏛ ᎦᎪ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏓᎪᎵᏰᏛ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎤᏠᏱ ᏗᎧᏃᏗᎢ, ᏫᏂᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎿᏗᏢ ᎠᏍᏆᏗᏍᏗ. agatohvsdi ᎨᏒᎢ, ᎠᎴ ᎤᏙᎯᏳᏰᏃ ᎾᏍᏋ, ᎯᎠ ᎠᏓᎵᎦᎵᏍᏗᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎡᏆ ᎠᏟᎶᏍᏗ."

ᎯᎠ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏓ ᎦᏂᏴᏙ 1915 ᏗᎪᎵᏰᏗ ᎪᏪᎵ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎩᎵᏏ ᎪᏪᎵ Ꭺgoweli gowlisgi D.H. Lawrence.

ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᏨᏍᏛ

ᎯᎠ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎠᎦᏑᏰᏍᏗ ᎢᏳᏍᏗ ᎧᏃᎮᏗ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᏗᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅᏍᎩ, ᏯᏛᎿ ᏫᎬᏍᏗ Ꮎ ᏗᎨᎦᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎢᎦᏰᎵᏍᏗ ᎾᏍᏋ ᎤᏟ ᎢᎦᎢ ᏂᎪᎯᎸ ᎤᏁᏓᏍᏗ ᎬᎾᏬᏍᎬ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎤᏅᏌ. Ocassionally ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᏗᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ ᏫᎵ ᎾᏍᏋ ᏂᎬᎢ ᏗᏟᎶᏍᏗᏍᎩ ᎠᎴ ᎤᏬᏚᎯ, ᏥᏄᏍᏗ Georges Noblet ᎤᏤᎵ "Harpe ᏧᎬᏩᎶᏗ ᎠᎦᏘᏯ Lumière" ᎤᎾᏓᏎᎮᎸᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏚᏳᎪᏛ.

ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎤᏂᎸᏉᏗ ᎥᎦᏔᎲᎢ

"ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᏧᎾᏓᏅᏙ" ᏗᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ ᎾᎥᎢ Seng P. Merrill. ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎤᏂᎸᏉᏗ ᎥᎦᏔᎲᎢ, ᎯᎠ ᏧᏓᎴᏅᏓ ᏗᎧᏃᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎠᎴ ᏱᏓᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ permuted.

ᎯᎠ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎦᏓᏘ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎾᏞᎬ ᏧᎾᏍᏗ, ᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᎢᎬᏁᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏧᏓᎴᏅᏓ ᏗᎧᏃᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ simplified ᎤᏙᏢᏒ.

ᎯᎠ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎤᎭ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᏭᏪᏙᎢ ᎬᏔᏅᎯ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎤᏟ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎠᎵᎪᏁᏗ ᏗᏫᏍᏗ, ᏯᏛᎿ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎧᏃᎩᏍᏗ "ᎦᏬᎯᎸᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ" ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᏗᎧᏃᎩᏛ ᎦᏃᏢᎩ ᏫᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏛᏁᎵᏍᎩ Oz, ᎯᎠ ᎠᏓᏛᎾᏍᏗ ᎧᏃᎩᏍᏗ "ᎯᎠ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᏗᎵᎪᏔᏅᎯ" ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎯᎠ Muppet ᎤᎾᏛᏁᎶᏗ, ᎠᎴ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᏂᎾᏕᎬ ᎠᏓᏒᏅ ᎣᏍᏛ ᎠᏓᏅᏓᏓ ᎾᎥᎢ alluding ᏧᏓᏗᎩᏓ ᎤᏁᎫᏥᏛ ᎤᏁᎳᏅᎯ.

ᎯᎠ Greenpeace ᏥᏳ, ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᏓᏄᏩ ᎠᎾᎵᎯ, ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᏓᎪᎥᎩ ᎤᎶᏐᏅ Cree ᎾᏰᎯᏯ ᏴᏩᏁᎬ ᎠᏕᎶᎰᎯᏍᏗ Ꮎ ᎤᏃᎮᎸᎩ "ᎯᎳᎪ ᎢᏳ ᎯᎠ ᎡᎶᎯ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎤᏢᎩ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏲᎱᏍᎬ, ᎯᎠ ᏴᏫ ᏫᎵ ᎤᎵᏌᎳᏙᏗ ᎦᎸᎳᏗᏢ ᎾᏍᎩᏯᎢ ᏓᏄᏩ ᎠᎾᎵᎯ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ.…"

ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎠᏂᏟᏏᏍᎬᎠᎴ ᎠᏂᏟᏏᏍᎬ hippies ᎦᎪ ᎦᎷᏨ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎾᎿ ᏴᏫ ᎤᏁᏓᏍᏗ ᏗᎦᏙᎯ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎤᏃᎮᎸᎩ ᎨᏥᏅᏏᏓ ᎠᏑᏰᏛ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏓᏅᏖᏍᎬ nvwato hiyadv, ᎬᎨᏳᎢ, tohi adedi ᎠᎴ ᎾᎥ ᏄᎾᏓᎸ.

ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎾᏞᎬ ᏧᏕᏘᏴᏓ, ᎯᎠ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎦᏓᏘ ᎤᎭ ᏗᏙᎳᎩ ᏗᎬᏟᎶᏍᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎬᎾᎦᎳᏏ ᎠᎴ lesbian ᏂᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᎠᏓᏅᏏᏙᎠ ᎠᎴ ᎬᎾᎦᎳᏏ ᎠᏢᏉᏛ, ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏄᏓᎴᎿᎥ colours symbolising ᏧᏓᎴᎿᎢ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎬᎾᎦᎳᏏ ᎾᎥ ᏄᎾᏓᎸ. ᎧᏃᎮᏍᎩ ᏄᎵᏍᏔᏅ, ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎦᏓᏘ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎬᏔᏅᎯ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏓᏥ ᎤᏂᏣᏘ ᎤᎾᏓᏅᏖᏗ' ᏓᏄᏩ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ 16th sqohitsuqui tsudetiyvdi ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎪᏪᎶᏗ ᎢᏤ ᏗᏓᎴᏂᏍᎬ, ᎤᏚᎩ ᎬᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎠᎾᏓᏟᏏᏍᎬ ᏧᎾᏍᏗ. ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎦᎶᏂᏗ ᎤᎭ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᏭᏪᏙᎢ ᎬᏔᏅᎯ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏗᎬᏟᎶᏍᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ Cooperative ᎠᏓᏅᏏᏙᎠ; ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏗᎬᏟᎶᏍᏙᏗ nvwato hiyadv, ᎾᏍᎩ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ Italy; ᎢᏯᏓᏛᏁᏗ ᎯᎠ Tawantin Suyu, ᎠᎴ ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ ᎾᎿ ᎨᏒ, ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ Peru ᎠᎴ Ecuador; ᎾᎥᎢ ᎢᎦᏛ Druze ᎾᎥ ᏄᎾᏓᎸ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎧᎸᎬ; ᎠᎴ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ Jewish tohi adedi Oblast.

ᎠᏅᏓᏗᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏍᏓᏩᏗᏒ colours

ᎧᏃᎮᎸᎯ ᎦᎶᎯᏍᏗ ᏅᎠᏥᏯᏃᏗ ᎠᏂᏏᏴᏫᎭ ᎯᎠ ᎦᎵᏉᎩ colours ᎯᎠ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᏍᏓᏩᏗᏒ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎬᏗᏍᎬᎢ ᎯᎠ mnemonic "Richard Of York Gave Battle In Vain", ᎭᏢᏃ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎬᏱ ᎩᎶ ᏂᏓᏳᏅᏅ ᎪᏪᎵ ᎠᏂᏏᏴᏫᎭ ᎧᏁᏨ ᏗᏓᏛᎪᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎬᏱ ᎩᎶ ᏂᏓᏳᏅᏅ ᎪᏪᎵ ᎠᏂᏏᏴᏫᎭ colour. ᎯᎠ mnemonic ᏄᏓᎷᎸᎾ ᎧᏁᎢᏍᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏥᏎᎪᎩᏛ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏲᎱᎯᏍᏗ Richard, ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ York ᎾᎾᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏓᎾᏟᎲ Wakefield, ᏓᎾᏟᎲ Richard ᎠᏰᎲ ᎤᏩᏒᎠᏍᎦᏯ ᎤᏂᎩᏍᏔᏅ, ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᏁᎳᎩ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏰᎵᏇ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᏩᏎᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏥᏎᎪᎩᏛ Richard ᎪᎷᏩᏛᏗ, ᎯᎠ ᎣᏂ Yorkist ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ, ᎾᎾᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏓᎾᏟᎲ Bosworth ᏠᎨᏏ. ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ York, ᏅᎪᏢᎯᏐᏗᏱ ᏅᎬᎪᏔᏅᎯ ᎨᏒᎢ ᏚᏕᏲᏅᎩ Ꮎ ᎡᎪᎢ "Rowntrees Of York Gave BᎠᎵᏁᎩ ᎪᏪᎵ In Value", ᏩᏎᎯᎲᎢ ᎯᎠ confectionery Rowntrees. ᏄᏓᎴ, ᎦᏲᎵᎨ ᎠᎬᏂ, ᎤᏁᎳᎩ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏊ ᎤᏟ ᎢᎦᎢ ᏧᏣᏔᏊ ᎦᎶᎯᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎪᎳᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᏚᏙᎥ Roy G. Biv ᎠᎴ ROYGBIV. ᎪᎯ ᎢᎬᎾᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎤᏓᏅᎦᎵᏌᏛ ᎤᏃᏴᎬ. ᎢᎦᏛ ᎤᏬᏢᏗ ᏱᏓᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᏄᏍᏗ, ᎠᏠᏯᏍᏗᏍᎩ "RᎪᎯᏳᏙᏗ Out YᎠᏆᏤᎵ Granny ᎤᏤᎵ Boots In Vinegar".

ᎯᎠ colour ᎠᏍᏓᏩᏗᏒ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎠᎾᏍᎬᏘ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᎾᏍᏋ recalled ᎾᎥᎢ electronics technicians ᏗᎬᏩᎶᏒ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᎥᎦᏔᎲᎢ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᏓᏙᎯᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ Electronic colour ᎠᏍᏓᏩᏛᏍᏙᏗ.

ᎠᎪᏩᏛᏗ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ

• ᎠᏨᏍᏛ
• ᏗᎧᏃᏗ
• ᎠᎪᏩᏛᏗ ᏂᎦᎵᏍᏔᏂᏙᎲ
• ᏓᏍᏓᏅᏅ ᏚᎷᏨ (ᎠᏨᏍᏛ)
• ᏩᎦᎸᎳᏗᏴ
• ᎠᎦᏍᎬ
• ᏅᏙ ᎢᎦ ᎡᎯ ᎩᏟ
• ᎠᏨᏍᏛ
• Moonbow
• ᎤᎬᎭᏛ ᎦᎵᏣᏗ
• Circumhorizontal ᎠᏗᏌᏓᏗᏍᏗ
• ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎤᏁᎳᏅᎯ
• ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎦᏓᏘ
• ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎠᏂᏟᏏᏍᎬ
• ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᏏᏓᏁᎸᎯ
• ᏗᎧᏃᏗ

ᏫᏓᏎᎸᎢ

• Robert Greenler, ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ, ᎠᏨᏍᏛ, ᎠᎴ Glories, (1980) ISBN 0-521-38865-1
• Raymond L. ᎠᏍᏆᎨᏂ ᎠᎴ Alastair B. Fraser, ᎯᎠ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎠᏒᏢᎢ: ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏗᏟᎶᏍᏙᏗ, ᎢᏰᎵᏍᏗᎢ ᎠᎴ agatohvsdi, (2001) Penn. ᎤᏔᏂᏗ ᎦᏙᎯ ᏗᏕᎶᏆᏍᏗ ᏗᏂᎴᏱᏗᏍᎩ ᎠᎴ SPIE ᏗᏂᎴᏱᏗᏍᎩ ISBN 0-271-01977-8
• David K. ᎣᏍᏛᏗᏍᏗ & William Livingston, "ᏗᎧᏃᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏨᏍᏛ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎤᏁᎳᏅ ᎤᏬᏢᏅ", 2nd ᎦᏟᏌᏅ ᎦᎴᏴᏔᏅ (2001) ISBN 0-521-77504-3
• M.G.J. Minnaert, "ᎠᏨᏍᏛ ᎠᎴ ᏗᎧᏃᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᏙᏯᏗᏢ", 1995 ISBN 0-387-97935-2
• M. Minnaert, "ᎯᎠ ᎤᏁᎳᏅ ᎤᏬᏢᏅ ᎠᏨᏍᏛ ᎠᎴ ᏗᎧᏃᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏍᏚᎢᏛ ᎤᏃᎴ", 1973 ISBN 0-486-20196-1
• Naylor, ᎦᎳᏅᎯ, "atsinuqowisgv ᎯᎠ ᏌᎪᏂᎨ", 2002, ISBN 0-521-80925-8
• Template:Note Nussenzveig, H. Moyses, “The ᎪᎷᏩᏛᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏅᎪᎳᏛ,” ᎠᏏᎾᏍᏛ ᏴᏩᏁᎬ 236 (1977), 116

ᎤᏓᏎᎦᏤᏗ ᏗᏕᎬᏔᏛ

ᏫᎩᎻᏗᎠ ᎪᎼᏄᏍ ᎾᏍᎩᏯᎢ:

Rainbow

• Supernumerary rainbows
• Lez Cowly's Atmospheric Optics
• Reflection rainbows
• Beverly T. Lynds' About Rainbows
• Blake Ebersole's Rainbow Science
• Supernumerary and Multiple Rainbows
• About rainbows
• Spectacular rainbow at Elam Bend (McFall, Missouri)
• Finding and Photographing rainbow
• Rainbow photography from Germany
• Walter Lewin's Discussion on colors and rainbow physics